Biology

What is in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes, dna

Smallest to largest? (Cell, organelle, atom, molecule)

Atom, molecule, organelle, cell

What do plant cells have that animal cells dont?

Three C's: Chloroplast, Cell wall, and Central vacuole

Mitochondria function

Produces ATP energy by breaking down glucose

Chloroplast function

Site of photosynthesis; uses light energy to build sugar

Ribosomes function

Production site for protiens

Lysosomes function

Cleans and recycles; contains digestive enzymes

Cell membrane function

Controls what enters and leaves the cell; homeostasis

Nucleus function

Contains DNA; control center of the cell

Cilia & Flagella function

Structure that allows cells to move; provides mobility. APART OF CYTOSKELETON

Golgi apparatus function

packages and distributes materials

Endoplasmic reticulum function

network of membranes; produce proteins & lipids

What are the two main types of passive transport?

Active energy (ATP) and Passive energy

Diffusion

movement of molecules, high to low

osmosis

movement of water, high to low

What does osmosis and diffusion have in common?

High to low concentration

Facilitated diffusion

Diffusion image

Protein pump

Used to "pump" in larger molecules to diffuse

Endocytosis

Entering the cell, active

Exocytosis

Leaving the cell, active

Dialysis tubing

Material similar to cell membrane because it is selectively permeable -- allows smaller particles in and out and does not allow layers out

endosymbotic theory

A theory that organelles within cells were free living cells themselves

evidence of endosymbiotic theory

prokaryotic cells engulfed a free living chloroplasts/mitochondria which gave rise to our present eukaryotic cells

cell specialization in multicellular organisms

cells get a specific job from stem cells

Scheldin, 1838

plants are made of cells

Schwann, 1839

All animals are made of cells

Virchow, 1855

All cells come from preexisting cells

What does Virchow, Schwann, and Schedlin contribute to?

Cell theory