Balance Outcome Measures Items & Scores

Berg Balance Scale Score - high risk

0-20

Berg Balance Scale Score - medium risk

21-40

Berg Balance Score - low risk

41-56

Berg Balance Score - MCID

8

Berg Balance Score Items

• Sitting to standing

• Sitting unsupported

• Standing unsupported

• Standing to sitting

• Transfers

• Sitting with EC

• Standing with feet together

• Reaching forward with outstretched arm

• Retrieving object from floor

• Turning to look behind

• Turning 360 degrees

• Placing alternate foot on stool

• Standing with one foot in front

• Standing on one foot

DGI Score

3 = walks 20’, no assistive devices, good speed, no evidence for imbalance, normal gait pattern

2 = walks 20’, uses assistive devices, slower speed, mild gait deviation

1 = walks 20’, slow speed, abnormal gait pattern, evidence for imbalance

0 = cannot walk 20’, without assistance, severe gait deviations or imbalance

DGI Score

21/24 or above = minimal to no risk for falls

Below 21 = indicates risk for fall and the lower the score the more the risk

Common score for moderate stage PD = 9-11/24

DGI Items

• Gait level surface

• Change in gait speed

• Gait with horizontal head turns

• Gait with vertical head turns

• Gait and pivot turn

• Step over obstacle

• Step around obstacle

• Steps

FGA Items

• Gait level surface

• Change in gait speed

• Gait with horizontal head turns

• Gait with vertical head turns

• Gait and pivot turn

• Step over obstacle

• Gait with narrow BOS

• Gait with EC

• Ambulating backwards

FGA Scores

Highest Score = 30/30

Community-Dwelling Older Adults = 22/30

PD = 18/30

Tinetti Balance Items

• Sitting balance

• Rises from chair

• Attempts to rise

• Immediate standing balance (first 5 seconds)

• Standing balance

• Nudged

• EC

• Turning 360 degrees

• Sitting down

Tinetti Gait Items

• Indication of gait

• Step length and height

• Foot clearance

• Step symmetry

• Step continuity

• Path

• Trunk

• Walking time

Tinetti Scoring

<18 = high

19-23 = moderate

>24 = low

HiMat Items

• Walk

• Walk backward

• Walk on toes

• Walk over obstacle

• Run

• Skip

• Hip forward (affected)

• Bound (affected)

• Bound (less-affected)

• Up stairs dependent (rail or not reciprocal)

• Up stairs independent (no rail and reciprocal)

• Down stairs dependent (rail or not reciprocal)

• Down stairs independent (no rail and reciprocal)

HiMat Scoring

54/54 = highest score