biology // organelles

cytosol

intracellular fluid

water with many dissolved substances such as proteins and ions

cytoplasm

cytosol + organelles - nucleus

plasma membrane

semi-permeable barrier of the cell made of phospholipids controls movement of substances moving in and out of the cell

cell wall

permeable structure that protects and supports cell shape and structure

allows cell to become turgid

found in bacteria + plant cells

cilia and flagella

involved in the movement of the cell

nucleus

control center of the cell / contains genetic material / DNA of the cell, controls the functions of the cell

nucleolus

responsible for producing and assembling ribosomes

ribosomes

NOT enclosed within a membrane, made of protein and rRNA

assembles animo acids into proteins

rough endoplasmic reticulum

synthesises proteins that are destined for export by the cell

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

produces lipids

golgi apparatus

sorts, modifies and packages proteins and lipids for export out of cells, creates vesicles for exocytosis

vesicle

transport proteins around the cell / to the outside of the cell

lysosomes

found in animal cells

digests and removes waste in cells

mitochondria

site of aerobic respiration and energy (ATP) production

chloroplast

site of photosynthesis

traps sunlight to make glucose