Chem Final

What is the density of an object with a mass of 30 grams and a volume of 15 cm³?

2 g/cm³

What is the density of 50 golf balls that weigh 1.23 kg and displace a water volume of 3.690 L?

0.33 g/L

If a substance has a density of 9.83 g/ml and I have 2.50 L of it, what is its mass?

24.575 g

What are substances formed from atoms of two or more elements called?

Mixture

What is a heterogeneous mixture in which visible particles settle?

Suspension

What are freezing, boiling, and evaporation examples of?

States of matter and physical properties

According to which law is matter neither created nor destroyed during a chemical change?

Law of conservation of Mass

What type of mixture allows different materials to be easily identified?

Suspension

What are compounds made from?

Atoms of two or more elements

What process can separate two liquids using boiling point?

Distillation

What type of property is bending a copper wire?

Physical property

Which of the following is NOT an element: water, oxygen, carbon, hydrogen?

Water

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change: boiling, evaporation, burning, melting?

Burning

What type of substance is gelatin?

Colloid

How would you classify the color of a rose?

Physical property

How would you describe the process of evaporating water from seawater?

Physical change

What is the charge and mass of a proton?

Positive charge, 1 amu

What is the charge and mass of a neutron?

Neutral charge, 1 amu

What is the charge and mass of an electron?

Negative charge, 1/1800 th of an amu

What is an atomic mass unit based on?

The mass of 1 proton or neutron, based on a carbon atom

Where does most of an atom's mass come from?

Nucleus

What occupies most of the volume of an atom?

Electron cloud

What is the mass number of sodium-23?

23

What is the atomic number of sodium?

11

What is the oxidation number of magnesium?

+2

What is the oxidation number of potassium?

+1

What is the oxidation number of sulfur?

-2

What is the oxidation number of boron?

+3

What is the electron configuration of oxygen?

1s² 2s² 2p⁴

What is the phase change from liquid to gas called?

Boiling

What happens to the temperature of water during phase changes?

Temperature stays constant

How does air pressure affect boiling point?

As air pressure decreases, boiling point decreases.

What defines an element?

Its number of protons.

What is an isotope?

Same element but different number of neutrons.

What is the average weight of all isotopes of an element?

Atomic mass.

Which element has 20 protons?

Calcium.

What is the mass number of silicon with 16 neutrons?

30.

How many electrons does silver have?

47.

What do dot diagrams represent?

Outer shell electrons.

What type of elements give up electrons when bonding?

Metals.

What type of bonding occurs when metals give up electrons?

Ionic bonding.

What is special about the noble gases?

They don't react.

What is the formula for sodium and bromine?

NaBr.

What is the name of the compound CaCO3?

Calcium carbonate.

What is the formula for calcium acetate?

CaC2H3O2.

What is the name of the compound AlPO4?

Aluminum phosphate.

What is the formula for lithium chloride?

LiCl.

What is the name of the compound CoCl2?

Cobalt (II) chloride.

What is the formula for potassium and oxygen?

K2O.

What is the formula for aluminum and sulfur?

Al2S3.

What is the name of the compound Mg(OH)2?

Magnesium hydroxide.

What is the name of the compound SnO2?

Tin (IV) oxide.

What is the name of the compound Fe2O3?

Iron (III) oxide.

What is the name of the compound PbCl2?

Lead (II) chloride.

What is the name of the compound SiF4?

Silicon tetrafluoride.

What is the formula for calcium carbonate?

CaCO3

What is the formula for aluminum phosphate?

AlPO4

What is the formula for magnesium hydroxide?

Mg(OH)2

What is the formula for cobalt (II) chloride?

CoCl2

What is the formula for sodium sulfide?

Na2S

What is the formula for calcium phosphate?

Ca3(PO4)2

What is the formula for iron (III) oxide?

Fe2O3

What is the name of SiF4?

Silicon tetrafluoride

What is the name of N2S3?

Dinitrogen trisulfide

What is the name of HBr?

Hydrogen monobromide

What is the name of Br2?

Bromine

What do the numbers and letters on the right side of a chemical equation represent?

Products

What do the numbers and letters on the left side of a chemical equation represent?

Reactants

What does (l) mean in a chemical equation?

Liquid

What does (g) mean in a chemical equation?

Gas

What does 🡪 mean in a chemical equation?

Yields, produces, forms

What does (aq) mean in a chemical equation?

Dissolved in water, in solution, aqueous

How is a diatomic element such as oxygen written?

O2

What is a chemical equation that has the same number of atoms of each type of element on each side called?

Balanced

What are the numbers that precede symbols and formulas in chemical equations called?

Coefficients

What type of reaction occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen to produce energy in the form of heat and light?

Combustion

What is the reaction called when two or more substances combine to form another substance?

Synthesis

What is the process of breaking down a substance into two or more simpler substances called?

Decomposition

What type of reaction occurs when an element replaces another element in a compound?

Single displacement

What is the insoluble compound that forms during a chemical reaction called?

Precipitate

What happens to bonds in reactants during chemical reactions?

Some bonds are broken, requiring energy.

What type of reaction releases heat energy?

Exothermic

What type of reaction requires heat to be added for it to take place?

Endothermic

What is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being permanently changed?

Catalyst

What are substances that prevent or slow down chemical reactions called?

Inhibitors

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Matter (Mass) cannot be created or destroyed.

What ions do acids produce when dissolved in water?

Hydrogen ions

In a mixture of steel, what is carbon considered?

Solute

What happens to the solubility of a gas in a liquid when you increase temperature?

It becomes less soluble.

Is LiOH an acid or a base?

Base

What is the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a given temperature called?

Solubility

What does it mean if a solution is saturated?

It contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature.

What is produced in neutralization reactions?

Water and a salt.

What happens to most saturated solutions when heated?

They become unsaturated.

What happens if a grain of solute sinks to the bottom of the solvent?

The solution is saturated.

What happens if a grain of solute is added and a bunch of solute comes out of the solution?

The solution was supersaturated.

What happens if a grain of solute dissolves in the solvent?

The solution was unsaturated.

What is produced when you mix an acidic solution with a basic solution?

A neutral solution.

If a compound tastes bitter, it is a(n)

Base.

What salt is produced when NaOH is mixed with HC2H3O2?

NaC2H3O2.