Physics topic One.

What are the eight energy stores?

• Thermal energy.

• Kinetic energy.

• Gravitational Potential Energy.

• Elastic Potential Energy.

• Chemical Energy.

• Magnetic Energy.

• Electrostatic energy.

• Nuclear Energy.

Ways that Energy is transferred?

• Mechanically (via force)

• Electrically (by moving charges))

• Heating or radiation.

• Light or sound.

What is a specific heat capacity?

Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degrees.

What is the ‘Conservation of Energy Principle?’

Energy can never be created nor destroyed.

What is waste/dissipated energy?

Energy is stored in a way which is not useful.

What is ‘power?’

The rate of energy transfer or the rate of doing work.

What is conduction?

Conduction is the process where vibrating particles transfer energy to neighboring particles.

What does conduction usually occur with and why?

Mainly occurs in liquids and gases as they are much more free to move around.

How does conduction happen?

The particles heat and vibrate more and collide with each other. These collisions cause energy to be transferred between particles.

What is convection?

Convection is where energetic particles move away from hotter to cooler regions.

What does convection occur in and why?

Occurs in liquids and gases. The particles in liquids and gases are able to move and when they are heated up and particles move faster.

How does convection happen?

The warmer and less dense region will rise above denser, cooler regions. If this is a constant source a convection current can be created.

How does wind power work?

Placing wind turbines in exposed places like a moor or by the coast.

Pros and Cons of wind power?

PROS
- No pollution.
-Minimal running cost.

CONS
-Spoil Landscape.
-Noise pollution.
-Won’t work if not/too windy.

How do solar cells work?

Generate electric currents directly from sunlight.

Pros and cons of Solar cells?

PROS
-Reliable in sunny places.
-No pollution.
-Useful in remote places.

CONS
-Can’t increase power outage.
-Generates on a small scale.

How does Geothermal power work?

In volcanic areas where the source of the energy is the slow decay of radioactive elements.

Pro’s and Con’s of Geothermal power?

PRO’S
-Reliable.
-Little damage to environment.

CONS
-Aren’t many suitable locations.
-Expensive.

How does Hydro-electric power work?

Flooding a valley by building a big damn and letting water out via turbine.

Pro’s and Con’s of Hydro-electric power?

PRO’S
-No pollution.
-Immediate response to increased energy demand.
-Reliable.

CON’S
-Big environmental issue.
-May be unsightly.

What is wave power?

Lots of small wave powered Turbines located around the coast.

Pro’s/Con’s of Wave power?

PRO’S
-No pollution.

CON’S
-Unreliable.
-High initial costs.

What is Tidal Barrage?

Big dams with turbines in. As water comes in the turbine lets it out at a controlled speed.

Pro’s and Con’s of Tidal Barrage?

PRO’S
-No pollution.
-Reliable.

CON’S.
-High initial cost.
-Spoils view.