Antibiotic Mechanisms of Action

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Last updated 1:52 PM on 4/30/26
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6 Terms

1
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Which classes of antibiotics are beta lactams?

penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems

2
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What classes of antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit?

aminoglycosides and tetracyclines

3
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What is the mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones?

Inhibits DNA Gyrase (II)and Topoisomerase (IV). this causes uncoiling of DNA, disruption of chromosomal replication, and interference with cellular division.

4
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Which classes of antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit?

Macrolides, Clindamycin, Linezolid, Chloramphenicol

5
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What is the mechanism of action of SMX/TMP?

SMX inhibits dihydrofolic acid formation, which interferes with bacterial folic acid synthesis; TMX inhibits dihydrofolic acid reduction into tetrahydrofolate, resulting in inhibition of the folic acid pathway

6
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What is the mechanism of action of vancomycin?

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-alanyl-D-Alanine cell wall precursor