DH120 study guide for finals

beta cells

secrete insulin

polyuria

excessive urination

Polyphasic

excessive hunger

polydipsia

excessive thirst

for dialysis patients

call doctor for premed

no pressure on shunt

best time to see patient is day after dialysis

do not use air polisher due to electrolytes in polishing paste (sodium)

CVA

cerebrovascular accident (stroke)

pace-setter

AV node

pacemaker

A device that delivers electrical impulses to the heart to regulate the heartbeat

signs and symptoms of angina

chest pain/pressure, pain may radiate, pain relieved by nitroglycerin and rest, dyspnea, pallor/diaphoresis, indigestion, "impending doom"

signs and symptoms of TIA

1. dizziness

2. lightheadedness

3. retain consciousness

4. focal area of ischemia

arrhythmia

irregular heartbeat

signs and symptoms arrhythmia

fluttering in chest, tachycardia/bradycardia, chest pain, SOB, dizzy, fainting

5A's

Ask

Advise

Assess

Assist

Arrange

antidepressant meds for tobacco cessation

Wellbutrin/bupropion

sleep apnea

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

(CPAP) machine

Liver disease

Alcoholic cirrhosis

do not take acetaminophen

signs and symptoms of stimulant abuse

insomnia and tremor

agitation, anxiety, irritability, mood swings,

elevated mood

cocaine abuse

insomnia, rhinnorhea, tacycardia, euphoria

Hepatitis A

inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), usually transmitted orally through fecal contamination of food or water

Hepatitis B

inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood or body fluids

Hepatitis C

inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is transmitted by exposure to infected blood; this strain is rarely contracted sexually

hepatitis D

Delta Hepatitis. Secondary infection caused by a mutated hepatitis virus. Only develops in patients with Hepatitis B

Hepatitis E

A virus spread via fecal-oral transmission (contaminated water) especially in developing countries

liver destruction

cirrhosis

pregnancy gingivitis

gingival inflammation initiated by plaque biofilm and exacerbated by hormonal changes in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy

when can pregnant women receive dental treatment?

all trimesters are okay to receive dental treatment

what is the best position for pregnant women in the dental chair

left lateral decubitus position with the right buttock and hip elevated

pink puffer

emphysema

blue puffer

chronic bronchitis

cystic fibrosis

A genetic disorder that is present at birth and affects both the respiratory and digestive systems.

Latent TB

non-infectious, does not cause disease, occurs in 90% of infected people

Active TB

Infected, symptomatic and contagious

Asthma

A chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.

Leukemia

cancer of white blood cells

signs in mouth - bleeding

cerebral palsy

paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement

Parkinson's disease

A disorder of the central nervous system that affects movement, often including tremors.

Scoliosis

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Alzheimer's disease

a progressive and irreversible brain disorder characterized by gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and, finally, physical functioning

macular degeneration

progressive damage to the macula of the retina

ALS

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig disease)

3 to 5 years of life

scleroderma

hardening of the skin

Chron's disease

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

ulcerative colitis

chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers

Uticardia

hives

most common allergy

penicillin

Lupus signs and symptoms

Joint swelling and pain, headaches, polyarthrigia with morning stiffness, butterfly rash on nose and cheeks, usually develop on sun touched skin, alopecia, pericarditis, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, can also have renal and neurological manifestations- anxiety, seizures

Sjogren's syndrome

autoimmune destruction of minor salivary glands and lacrimal glands

dry eyes and mouth

Anxiety Signs and Symptoms

Fear

Apprehension

Dread

Uneasiness

Tachycardia

Palpitations

Trembling

Dry Mouth

Sweating

Weakness

Fatigue

Shortness of Breath

Erosion - Perimolysis

dental tissue demineralization without bacterial involvement; that is, wear or mineral loss from the tooth surface caused by chemical agents1-2.

Meds for ADHD

CNS stimulants, SNRIs, TCA's, alpha-adrenergic agonists

Down syndrome heart defects

Congenital Heart Disease (most common)

Atrial Septal Defect (detectable echocardiogram)

Ventricular Septal Defect (detectable echocardiogram)

Tetralogy of Fallot

elongated teeth - Taurodontism

Bell's Palsy

temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only on the affected side of the face

Cushing's disease

Elevated cortisol

Addison's disease

occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormones cortisol or aldosterone

Anemia

A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume.

HIV/AIDS

the virus that causes AIDS, spread through bodily fluids rather than casual contact or airborne

progressing counts go down

in mouth- candiasis

LgE inflammation around gum line

rheumatoid arthritis

a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked

Osteoarthritis

inflammation of the bones and joints

difference between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis

The main difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis is the cause behind the joint symptoms. Osteoarthritis is caused by mechanical wear and tear on joints. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease in which the body's own immune system attacks the body's joints.

Epidermolysis Bullosa

genetic skin disease characterized by blisters caused by any mechanical friction, resulting in large open sores and extreme skin fragility

HPV

human papillomavirus

check posterior larynx for HPV

oral mucositis

•Inflammation of oral mucous membranes caused when chemotherapy attacks and kills the rapidly dividing cells of the mucous membranes

•Cells die faster than usual 10--14 days

•Sloughing of mucosa can be localized or generalized

cyclosporin causes

gingival hyperplasia

organ transplant screening

the examination is for the identification, prior to a complex surgical procedure, of existing medical problems where the increased possibility of infection would not only reduce the chances for successful surgery but would also expose the patient to additional risks in undergoing such surgery.

The hormone_____ is produced by the ______ in the _____. This hormone acts like a key, allowing the cells in the body to take in _____ to use as energy.

insulin, beta cells, pancreas, glucose