6.2.2 Amino acids, amides and chirality (incomplete)

What is optical isomerism an example of?

stereoisomerism

Define stereoisomerism

Molecules with the same structural formulae but a different arrangement of their atoms in space

Define optical isomers

a pair of non-superimposable mirror images of one another

What is optical isomerism found in?

organic molecules with a chiral carbon

What is a chiral carbon?

a carbon atom attatched to 4 different groups

How is a chiral carbon indicated?

an asterisk

How are optical iomers drawn?

using the 3D structure

What is the bond angle around a chiral carbon?

109.5*

What is the shape around a chiral carbon?

tetrahedral

What are a pair of optical isomer also known as?

enantiomers

Where n is the number of chiral carbons, what is the number of optical isomers?

2^n

Draw the optical isomers of 2, aminopentanoic acid

Draw all stereoisomers of 4-hydroxypent-2-ene