Appendicular Skeleton: Arm

What bones make up the appendicular skeleton?

126 bones of the pectoral and pelvic girdles.

What is important to differentiate when studying bones?

The left and right orientation of bones.

What should you consider when studying bones?

Think about structure and function; bones have evolved to execute specific functions.

What are the two main components of the pectoral girdle?

Clavicle and scapula.

What are the ends of the clavicle called?

Acromial end and sternal end.

What structures are visible on the posterior view of the scapula?

Acromium, spine, supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa.

What structures are visible on the anterior view of the scapula?

Coracoid process.

What is the lateral view structure of the scapula?

Glenoid cavity.

What are the key features of the humerus?

Head, anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, intertubercular groove.

What is located at the mid-shaft of the humerus?

Deltoid tuberosity.

What features are found at the distal end of the humerus?

Lateral and medial epicondyle, coronoid fossa, capitulum, trochlea, olecranon fossa.

What are the key features of the ulna?

Olecranon process, trochlear notch, coronoid process, radial notch, styloid process.

What are the key features of the radius?

Head, radial tuberosity, styloid process.

How does the trochlear notch of the ulna interact with the humerus?

It fits into the trochlea of the humerus.

What is the composition of the wrist?

8 carpal bones.

Name the carpal bones in the distal row.

Pisiform, Triquetrum, Lunate, Scaphoid.

Name the carpal bones in the proximal row.

Hamate, Capitate, Trapezoid, Trapezium.

What is the thumb also called?

Pollex.

How many phalanges does each finger have?

Each finger has 3 phalanges, except for the thumb, which has 2.

How is the numbering of fingers and metacarpals organized?

Starts with the thumb as 'I' and the pinky as 'V'.

What is the purpose of palpating skeletal structures?

To locate and feel specific anatomical features on the body.

What is the acromioclavicular joint?

The joint between the acromion of the scapula and the clavicle.