Global studies final review😢😪😮💨😵🥴🤐😵💫🤧
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62 Terms
What is militarism?
Building up your military; flexing power.
How did militarism lead to WWI?
Countries tried to outdo each other, creating tension and fear.
What is an alliance?
Groups/countries promising to support and defend each other.
How did alliances lead to WWI?
One small conflict pulled all allied countries into war.
What is imperialism?
Strong countries dominating weaker ones.
How did imperialism lead to WWI?
Competition for colonies increased rivalry between European powers.
What is nationalism?
Pride in your country or ethnic group.
How did nationalism lead to WWI?
Groups believed they were superior and wanted independence or power.
Who was Winston Churchill?
Leader of Britain; Allied; strong, refused to surrender.
Who was Benito Mussolini?
Leader of Italy; Axis; nationalist dictator.
Who was Adolf Hitler?
Leader of Germany; Axis; nationalist dictator.
Who was Joseph Stalin?
Leader of Soviet Union; Allied; harsh, powerful dictator.
Who was Franklin D. Roosevelt?
Leader of USA; Allied; gave hope during WWII.
Who was Hirohito?
Emperor of Japan; Axis; nationalist leader.
Why did WWII start?
Hitler violated the Treaty of Versailles and invaded countries.
How did WWII end?
Germany surrendered; Hitler died; V‑E Day.
How did nationalism influence Hitler?
He believed Germans were a superior race and should unite.
What was the Cold War?
Long period of tension between the US and Soviet Union after WWII.
What is capitalism?
Economic system with competition; not everyone equal.
Why was capitalism important in the Cold War?
The US represented capitalism; major cause of conflict.
What is communism?
Government owns everything; everyone equal; leaders hold power.
Why was communism important in the Cold War?
Soviet Union represented communism.
What was the Iron Curtain?
Division between democratic West Europe and communist East Europe.
What was the Truman Doctrine?
US would help countries fight communism.
What was the Marshall Plan?
US gave billions to rebuild Europe after WWII.
What was containment?
US policy to stop the spread of communism.
What was NATO?
Military alliance of US, Canada, and Western Europe.
What was the Warsaw Pact?
Military alliance of Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.
What was the Berlin Wall?
Wall separating communist East Berlin from democratic West Berlin.
What continent is Israel in?
Asia.
What continent is India in?
Asia.
What continent is Pakistan in?
Asia.
What continent is Germany in?
Europe.
What continent is Sudan in?
Africa.
What continent is Rwanda in?
Africa.
What continent is China in?
Asia.
What continent is France in?
Europe.
What continent is Egypt in?
Africa.
What continent is Italy in?
Europe.
What continent is Greece in?
Europe.
What continent is Syria in?
Asia.
What continent is Spain in?
Europe.
Who led Israel during independence?
David Ben‑Gurion.
The conflict in Israel was between who?
Jews and Arabs.
What is Zionism?
Movement for a Jewish homeland.
What was the result of the Israel conflict?
Israel declared independence in 1948 and expanded territory.
Who were India’s leaders?
Gandhi and Jinnah.
The conflict in India was between who?
Indians and the British.
What is civil disobedience?
Peacefully refusing to obey unjust laws.
What is nonviolence?
Protesting peacefully without fighting.
What is partition?
Division of India into India and Pakistan.
What was the result of India’s conflict?
Independence in 1947; India and Pakistan split.
Who led the anti‑apartheid movement?
Nelson Mandela.
The conflict in South Africa was between who?
Black South Africans vs. white apartheid government.
What was apartheid?
Legal racial separation.
What is the ANC?
African National Congress; anti‑apartheid group.
What was the result of South Africa’s conflict?
Apartheid ended in 1994; Mandela became first Black president.
What were the Four Modernizations?
Agriculture, industry, national defense, science & technology.
Who created the Four Modernizations?
Deng Xiaoping.
How was Taiwan created?
Nationalists fled after losing the Chinese Civil War in 1949.
What is civil disobedience? Who used it in the US?
Peaceful refusal to obey unjust laws; used by Martin Luther King Jr.
What was Gandhi’s wife’s name?
Kasturba Gandhi.