PTCB Day 2 – Diabetes Drugs

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering suffixes, individual medications, drug classes, and high-yield side effects for diabetes treatment based on the PTCB Day 2 study packet.

-formin

Biguanide

-gliptin

DPP-4 inhibitor

-gliflozin

SGLT2 inhibitor

-glinide

Meglitinide

-glitazone

TZD

-tide

GLP-1 agonist

Metformin (Glucophage)

A Biguanide for Type 2 diabetes that causes diarrhea; should be taken with food and requires kidney monitoring.

Insulin Glargine (Lantus)

Long-acting insulin used for hypoglycemia management; must not be mixed with other insulins.

Insulin Detemir (Levemir)

Long-acting insulin used for basal coverage; can cause hypoglycemia.

Insulin Degludec (Tresiba)

Ultra-long-acting insulin; side effect is hypoglycemia.

Insulin Lispro (Humalog)

Rapid-acting insulin given with meals; side effect is hypoglycemia.

Insulin Aspart (Novolog)

Rapid-acting insulin given before meals; side effect is hypoglycemia.

Regular Insulin (Humulin R)

Short-acting insulin that can be given IV; side effect is hypoglycemia.

NPH Insulin (Humulin N)

Intermediate-acting cloudy insulin; side effect is hypoglycemia.

Glipizide (Glucotrol)

Sulfonylurea where alcohol may worsen the side effect of hypoglycemia.

Glyburide (Diabeta)

Sulfonylurea; side effect is hypoglycemia.

Glimepiride (Amaryl)

Sulfonylurea associated with weight gain and hypoglycemia.

Sitagliptin (Januvia)

DPP-4 inhibitor associated with rare pancreatitis.

Linagliptin (Tradjenta)

DPP-4 inhibitor associated with rare pancreatitis.

Empagliflozin (Jardiance)

SGLT2 inhibitor associated with UTIs.

Dapagliflozin (Farxiga)

SGLT2 inhibitor associated with genital infections.

Canagliflozin (Invokana)

SGLT2 inhibitor associated with UTIs.

Pioglitazone (Actos)

TZD associated with fluid retention.

Semaglutide (Ozempic)

GLP-1 agonist weekly injection that causes nausea.

Dulaglutide (Trulicity)

GLP-1 agonist weekly injection that causes nausea.

Repaglinide (Prandin)

Meglitinide; side effect is hypoglycemia.

Major adverse effect of Insulins/Sulfonylureas

Hypoglycemia