Biology 2nd term final | t or f

Viruses are included in the Linnaean system of biological classification.

False

Viroid’s are infectious particles that mostly cause disease in plants.

True

Prions have no genetic material.

True

All viruses contain both DNA and RNA.

False

A bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria.

True

Eukaryotic viruses may enter host cells through endocytosis.

True

In a lytic infection, the viral DNA merges with the host DNA and remains dormant.

False

An epidemic is a rapid outbreak of an infection that affects many people.

True

The influenza virus frequently mutates, requiring a new vaccine every year.

True

HIV is an example of a retrovirus.

True

Vaccines are made from weakened versions or parts of a virus.

True

Antibiotics are effective treatments for the common cold.

False

Bacteria and archaea have identical cell wall compositions.

False

Gram-positive bacteria have a thicker peptidoglycan layer than Gram-negative bacteria.

True

A plasmid is a large piece of genetic material that replaces the main bacterial chromosome.

False

Flagella in bacteria and archaea are structurally different from the flagella of eukaryotes.

True

Prokaryotes reproduce by a type of cell division called binary fission.

True

During conjugation, prokaryotes exchange genetic material.

True

Endospores can survive harsh conditions like high temperatures and disinfectants.

True

Most bacteria on Earth cause disease in humans.

False

Prokaryotes in the human digestive system help break down food and produce vitamins.

True

Cyanobacteria produce oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis.

True

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into oxygen.

False

Bioremediation is a process that uses microbes to break down pollutants like oil.

True

A toxin is a poison released by an organism.

True

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a virus invading the lungs.

False

Food poisoning can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus toxins, which survive high cooking temperatures.

True

Antibiotics work by stopping bacteria from making cell walls.

True

The overuse of antibiotics can lead to the evolution of multidrug-resistant "superbugs."

True

Animal cells are not damaged by antibiotics because they do not have cell walls.

True