Pediatric Growth and Development: Infant Through Adolescence

Vocabulary flashcards covering psychosocial stages, physical milestones, safety, and nutritional needs from infancy through adolescence based on pediatric nursing materials.

Trust vs. Mistrust

The psychosocial stage in infancy where the focus is on establishing trust through continuous affection and the fulfillment of basic needs.

Autonomy

The developmental goal for toddlers between ages $1$ and $3$ to achieve self-control and independence without a loss of self-esteem.

Initiative vs. Guilt

The psychosocial stage for preschoolers aged $3$ to $5$ involving planning and initiating activities; excessive control can lead to a sense of guilt.

Competence vs. Inferiority

The stage for school-age children ($6$ to $12$ years) where peer approval is gained by demonstrating skills valued by society.

Identity vs. Role Confusion

The primary goal for adolescents aged $13$ to $19$ involving the exploration of personal values, beliefs, and goals to establish a sense of self.

Protrusion (extrusion) reflex

An infant reflex that affects how the child takes in solid food.

Iron-fortified rice cereal

The first solid food that should be introduced to infants, typically between $4$ to $6$ months of age.

Separation anxiety

A common response in hospitalized toddlers consisting of the three stages: protest, despair, and detachment.

Therapeutic play

A nursing intervention using role play and activities to help toddlers and preschoolers process their hospital experience.

Egocentric communication

A communication style used for young children that focuses on how they will personally feel during an interaction.

Latchkey child

A school-age child who faces unique safety risks due to being home alone after school.

Epstein pearls

One of the oral health issues, along with thrush, monitored during routine health checkups in infancy.

Helmet safety

A vital safety practice for school-age children that can prevent $85.00\%$ of head injuries related to biking and rollerblading.

MyPlate guidelines

The nutritional framework used for school-age children to determine caloric intake based on body size and activity levels.

Anticipatory guidance

Information provided by nurses to help caregivers understand developmental expectations and adapt care for a hospitalized child.

Stop, Drop, and Roll

A basic fire safety practice that children in the preschool age group ($3$ to $5$ years) can begin to learn.