Surgical Instruments (lecture part of exam) - Animal Nursing 1

Scalpel Blade Handle

Electrocautery

Allows cutting and coagulation

- Electrocoagulatin

High frequency electrical current

Through tissue and patient to ground plate

Surgical Laser

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, Beam of energized light from a gas, liquid or crystal, Highly focused and intense, Little hemorrhaging, Reduction in swelling and pain, Increased healing time

Backhaus Towel Clamp

Placed through the drape and patients skin to securely hold in place, May be used to hold 2 drapes or towels in place, Other uses are to secure suction lines, electrocautery cables and lines todrapes, Considered contaminated once they puncture a drape - Most common, Sharp points

Jones Towel Clamp

Small, more delicate for exotic or ophthalmic procedures

Placed through the drape and patients skin to securely hold in place, May be used to hold 2 drapes or towels in place, Other uses are to secure suction lines, electrocautery cables and lines to drapes, Considered contaminated once they puncture a drape

Standard Operating Scissors

Heavy-duty, Each scissor has a specific function

Curved or Straight

Blunt-Blunt, Blunt-Sharp, Sharp-Sharp

Mayo Dissecting Scissors

Heavy-duty, Used for cutting fascia and dense tissues

Metzenbaum Dissecting Scissors

Fine instrument, Used for cutting delicate tissue, fat or thin muscle, Preferred for most soft tissue dissection, Should not be used for suture - will dull blade

Iris Scissors

Small, Delicate, Used in ophthalmic procedures

Wire Cutting Scissors

One blade may be angled on one side, Smooth or serrated blades, Straight or curved blades

Littauer suture removal scissors

Used to cut suture material, Not wire suture (wire-cutting scissors)

Small hook shape tip on one blade to slide under suture material and lift to cut

Lister Bandage Scissors

Used for cutting bandage material, One blade is blunt to facilitate separating bandage from tissue without damage to skin, Angle

Knowles Bandage Scissors

Used for cutting bandage material, One blade is blunt to facilitate separating bandage from tissue without damage to skin, No angle

Derf Needle Holder

Grasp and pass suture needles through tissue, Tying suture knots - More delicate, shorter, Ophthalmic procedures

Mayo-Hegar Needle Holder

Grasp and pass suture needles through tissue, Tying suture knots

Olson-Hegar Needle Holder

Grasp and pass suture needles through tissue, Tying suture knots - Built in scissor

Rat Tooth Tissue Thumb Forceps

Used to Manipulate tissues and Grasping - Large interdigitating teeth, Primarily used for skin or fascia

Adson Tissue Thumb Forceps

Fine serrated teeth at tip

- 1x2

- 'Rat tooth'

Use to pick up, grab, hold and manipulate delicate tissue and dressing material, Post-mortem dissection

Dressing Thumb Forceps

Multi-purpose, Hold small objects, Gauze, dressings, drape, Manipulate tissue, Remove infected or necrotic tissue from wound

Adson Dressing Thumb Forceps

Multi-purpose, Hold small objects, Gauze, dressings, drape, Manipulate tissue, Remove infected or necrotic tissue from wound

Adson-Brown Tissue Forceps

Delicate intermeshing teeth, Grasp of delicate tissue, Dissection of muscle or delicate connective tissue

Cooley and DeBakey thumb forceps

Long narrow jaws, Multiple delicate sets of teeth, Atraumatic, Well suited for vascular surgery

Russian Thumb Forceps

Broad curved surface, Work well for needle holding, Traumatic when used to hold tissues

Allis Tissue Forceps

Securely grasp tissue, Cause severe tissue crushing, Traumatic forceps, Should only be used on tissues that are being removed

Babcock Tissue Forceps

Similar in shape to Allis, Smooth grasping surface, Considerably less traumatic, Reduced tissue security

Doyen Intestinal Tissue Forceps

Flexible, Atraumatic jaws, Poor tool for holding tissue, Used to safely clamp off viable portions of bowel and other delicate tissue

Foerster Sponge Holding Forceps

Used to hold gauze squares, Dabbed to absorb excess fluids/blood from surgical site, May be used to hold a swab to clean or prep the skin, Rare, but can be used to retract soft tissues or organs, Ratcheted locking, Serrated 'jaws'

Alligator Forceps

Used for grasping small objects, Removing items from small body cavities - Nose or hard to reach areas, Scissor like end, Small set of serrated jaws

Halsted Mosquito Hemostats

Small, Designed to occlude small vessels

Crile Hemostatic Forceps

Transverse grooves that extend the entire length of the jaws

Kelly Hemostatic Forceps

Transverse grooves that extend the distal half of the jaw

Rochester-Pean Forceps

Large transverse grooves, Used to clamp tissue bundles and large vessels, Heavy-duty crile

Rochester-Ochsner Forceps

Similar to Rochester-Pean, With interdigiting teeth at tip to aid in grasping tissue, Used in orthopedic or large animal surgeries

Rochester-Carmalt Forceps

Large, crushing forceps, Longitudinal grooves, Cross grooves at the tip for greater traction, Used for clamping across vessel containing vascular tissues, Used to crush and hold the tissues on the ovary during small animal spay

Ferguson Angiotribe Forceps

Used for hemostasis and to prevent bleeding - Hemorrhage, Cross hatched & serrated edges, Ratchet locking handle, Available in curved or straight

Kern Bone Holding Forceps

Designed to hold bone or bone fragments in alignment while placing orthopedic implants, Pins, wires or plates, Ratcheted handle that clamps to bone, Locking mechanism, Point to point tips

Point-to-Point Bone Reduction Forceps

Robust, Designed specifically for orthopedic surgeries, To hold bone fragments in place

Army Navy Retractor

Double ended, Handheld, Smooth blades

Senn Retractor

Double ended, Handheld, One smooth blade - Spoon-like, One end with three sharp or blunt prongs - Fork-like

Snook ovariohysterectomy hook

Spay hook, Snook hook, Handheld, Single ended, Used to grasp the horn of the uterus during spay procedure

Covault ovariohysterectomy hook

Thin, curved end, Shepherd hook like

Hohmann retractor

Used in orthopedic surgery, Single end, Used to lever tissue out of the way for better visibility

Gelpi Retractor

Self retaining retractor, Used for muscle retraction, Common in orthopedic surgeries - Single hook ends

Weitlaner Retractor

Self retaining retractor, Used for muscle retraction, Common in orthopedic surgeries - Multi prong, fork-like ends

Balfour Retractor

Used to hold back the edges of an incision, Typically the abdominal cavity, 2 smooth arms connected by a central frame, Held in place with ratchet mechanism, Provides a clear view of the cavity and maintenance of sterility

Chalazion Retractor

'eyelid speculum' or 'lid retractor', Used in ophthalmology to hold eyelids open, Chalazion is a nonpainful bump, formed from blocked oil glans

Periosteal Elevator

Separate and lift periosteum from bone, Dense fibrous membrane covering bone, Expose bone for grafting and implants, Broad, flat blade, Curved or straight, Thicker and more robust than a periodontal elevator

Peridontal Elevator

Facilitate removal of teeth roots by breaking down periodontal ligament, Loosen and lift the gingival tissues surrounding the tooth, Separate gum tissue from the tooth surface, Aid in scaling and root planing, Removal of calculus, Dental extractions

Dental Probe

Used to assess the health of the gingiva by measuring pocket depths, Millimeter measurements, Probe is inserted into the gingival sulcus, Measurement when probe tip is at the base of the pocket is recorded, Can also record BOP - Sign of inflammation and gum disease

Dental Explorer

Used to detect irregularities on tooth surfaces and assess integrity of tooth enamel, Fine, wire-like, Toe 1/3rd is used to 'explore' the surface of the tooth subgingivally

Dental Scaler

Pointed tip, Blade has one or more sharp edges, Both sides of blade are sharp on universals, Single side sharp on graceys, Used to remove plaque, calculus, and debris from above the gum line, Supragingival

Dental Curette

Rounded toe, Blade is traditionally sharp on one edge, Rounded on the other,Both sides of blade are sharp on universal, Single side sharp on graceys, Used to remove plaque, calculus, and debris from below the gum line

Tartar Removing Forceps

Aid in the removal of heavy calculus from tooth surfaces prior to scaling

Dental Extraction Forceps

Aid in extracting teeth without breaking teeth

Rongeurs

Handheld, Sharp, cupped tips, Finer edges than wire cutters, Used to cut small pieces of dense tissue; Bone, cartilage, fibrous tissue

Stille-Luer Duckbill Rongeur - Points to the side

Leksell Laminectomy Rongeur - Points straight from the handle

Bone Curettes

Used to scrape hard tissue, Bone or cartilage, Common in orthopedic surgeries, Small cup, ice-cream like scoop at end, Sharp cutting edge

Surgical Spoon

Used to remove calculi from urinary or gall bladder, Soft edges

osteotome

Used to cut bone by pounding on flat handle end with mallet, Cutting edge is tapered on both sides, Chisel is tapered on one side

Gigli Wire

Used to cut bone, Heat helps to reduce bleeding, Smoother edge to cut bone, Wire is placed around bone, T-shaped handles are drawn back and fourth in sawing fashion - Tusk trimming, removing marrow bones from jaw, toe/dew claw amputations, dehorning, portioning fetuses