Unit 10 Chem Quiz Study Stack
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32 Terms
In ionic compounds, valence electrons are…?
transferred
In ionic compounds, what needs to be present?
A metal
In ionic compounds, how’s the melting/boiling point?
High melting & boiling point
How is electricity conducted in ionic compounds?
When dissolved in water OR as a liquid
What are electrolytes?
salts that conduct electricity when dissolved in water
What is a covalent bond?
A bond where valence electrons are SHARED
What is NOT present in a covalent bond?
A metal
What happens in a covalent bond?
Atomic orbitals overlap to form a molecular orbital
What is a non polar covalent bond?
A bond where valence electrons are SHARED EQUALLY
What is a polar covalent bond?
A bond where valence electrons are NOT SHARED EQUALLY
What element always has partial negative charge in a polar covalent bond?
The more electronegative element
What element always has partial positive charge in a polar covalent bond?
The less electronegative element
What is a dipole moment
The plus arrow that always faces the more electronegative element in the polar covalent bond
What is electronegativity? (EN)
The tendency of an atom to attract shared electrons to itself
What is FONCl
The 4 elements with the highest electronegativity
Why does EN increase across a period on the periodic table?
Increased nuclear charge
Why does EN decrease down a group on the periodic table?
Electron shielding
If a bond has a metal present, it is…?
Ionic
If a bond has a FONCl with non-FONCl, it is…?
Polar covalent
If a bond has a non-FONCl with non-FONCl, it is…?
Non polar covalent
What is the Duet rule?
Hydrogen (H) wants 2 valence electrons to be like Helium (He)
What is the Octet rule?
Most other elements want 8 valence electrons to be like a noble gas
What are Lewis Structures?
Models that show how covalent bonding occurs
H ALWAYS makes how many bonds?
1
C ALWAYS makes how many bonds?
4
N USUALLY makes how many bonds?
3
O USUALLY makes how many bonds?
2
F ALWAYS makes how many bonds?
1
Halogens USUALLY make how many bonds?
1
The atom that makes the most bonds in a Lewis Structure is USUALLY…
The center atom
What bonds are FORBIDDEN in a Lewis Structure?
Oxygen - Oxygen bonds (O-O)
O-O bonds can happen ONLY IF…
It’s a peroxide