Key Events Leading to World War II: League Failures and German Aggression
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14 Terms
Manchurian Crisis 1931
Japan invaded China; the League took a year to write the Lytton Report, which did nothing, proving the League was toothless.
Disarmament Conference 1932
A failure; Hitler walked out because France refused to disarm to Germany's level, giving him an excuse to rearm.
Abyssinian Crisis 1935
Mussolini invaded Ethiopia; Britain and France refused to ban oil exports to keep Italy as an ally against Hitler.
Hoare-Laval Pact
A secret British-French deal to give Mussolini 2/3 of Abyssinia; its leak destroyed the League's moral authority.
Rearmament
Hitler's policy from 1933; he increased the army from 100,000 to 500,000 and built a massive air force (the Luftwaffe).
Anglo-German Naval Agreement
1935, Britain allowed Hitler to build a navy 35% the size of their own, effectively "legalizing" German rearmament.
Remilitarisation of the Rhineland
1936, Hitler moved 22,000 troops into the border zone; he gambled that the Allies were too scared of war to stop him.
Anschluss 1938
The forbidden union of Germany and Austria; Hitler used a rigged vote to "prove" 99% of Austrians wanted to join the Reich.
The Sudetenland Crisis
Hitler demanded the German-speaking part of Czechoslovakia; he threatened war to get what he wanted.
The Munich Conference
Sept 1938, Britain and France gave the Sudetenland to Hitler without asking the Czechs; the peak of Appeasement.
"Peace in our time"
Chamberlain's famous (and wrong) claim after Munich; he thought he'd satisfied Hitler, but Hitler saw it as a green light for more.
Invasion of Czechoslovakia
March 1939, Hitler seized the rest of the country; this proved his goals were not just "uniting Germans" and ended Appeasement.
The Nazi-Soviet Pact
August 1939, a shock alliance between Hitler and Stalin to divide Poland, removing Hitler's fear of a "two-front war."
Invasion of Poland
1 September 1939, Hitler invaded; Britain and France declared war on 3 September, starting World War II.