APHY 102 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE

carotid arterial pulse

A man collapses to the ground. A bystander feels the man's neck to check for a pulse. Which arterial pulse is the bystander trying to feel?

The left auricle is superior to the left ventricle.

Choose which statement is correct.

superior vena cava

tricuspid valve (right atrioventricular valve)

What valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?

tricuspid

Sounds from the closing of which valve are best heard at the fifth intercostal space just to the left of the sternum?

Behind the knee

Where is the popliteal artery located?

Aorta

The left ventricle pushes blood into what vessel(s)?

femoral vein

Capillaries

In the cardiovascular system, what vessels are the site of nutrient, gas, and waste exchange?

pulmonary and oxygen-poor

The ........ circuit sends ........ blood to the lungs.

systemic, oxygen-rich

The .......... circuit sends ....... blood and nutrients to the body.

axillary vein

P wave: depolarization of atria

Which ECG wave is correctly described?

A mass of cells functioning as a unit

The ventricular walls and the atrial walls each form a functional syncytium. What does this term mean?

Left and right pulmonary arteries

The pulmonary trunk divides into what two vessels?

coronary sinus

Which of the following is a large vein that drains directly into the right atrium?

systolic, diastolic

Blood pressure is stated as a fraction, with _____ pressure over ______ pressure.

right atrium

Fibrous pericardium

Name the tough outermost layer of the sac that surrounds the heart.

ascending aorta

median cubital vein

Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve

Blood flowing from the vena cavae to the pulmonary trunk passes through what series of structures?

interventricular septum

False

Arteries are strong, elastic vessels that carry blood to the heart.

Group starts

True

The T wave on an ECG represents ventricular repolarization.

thoracic cavity

Which cavity is the heart found in?

Closure of the atrioventricular valves soon after the beginning of ventricular systole

What causes the first heart sound? When does this occur?s

Blood pressure increases

What is the effect of vasoconstriction?

It supplies oxygen and nutrients to cells.

Why is the cardiovascular system vital to survival?

heart and veins

Valves help to ensure one-way blood flow in the

Mitral valve/Bicuspid valve

Which valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle?

Right atrium and right ventricle

What chambers of the heart will contain oxygen-poor blood?

great saphenous vein

Which vein is the longest vein in the body?

left renal vein

Which structure is highlighted and indicated by the leader line?

Endocardium

What is the deepest layer in the wall of the heart?

Pulmonary arteries and systemic veins

Where would oxygen-poor blood be found?

SA node → AV node → AV bundle → Purkinje fibers

What is the correct sequence of components of the cardiac conduction system?

Venae cavae and coronary sinus

Blood entering the right atrium comes from what structure(s)?

systole

What term refers to the contraction of a heart chamber?

Radial artery

When taking a pulse at the wrist, which artery is being palpated?

veins; arteries

Blood vessels called __________ carry blood toward the heart, and __________ carry blood away from the heart.

false

The visceral pericardium lines the pericardial cavity, whereas the parietal pericardium covers the surface of the heart.

Group starts

left auricle

Contracting skeletal muscles

Which of the following helps return blood to the heart?

right atrium

Where is the SA node is located?

P wave

Which ECG component corresponds to the depolarization of the atria?

left auricle

Bicuspid valve/Mitral Valve/Left atrioventricular valve

right atrioventricular valve/tricuspid valve

Right ventricle

Axillary artery

p

Which letter indicates a P wave?

left pulmonary veins

T

Which letter indicates a T wave?

superior vena cava

left atrium

median cubital vein

sinoatrial node

The heart contracts because of an electrical impulse. Where in the heart does this impulse start?

diastole

The time period when the heart is relaxing is called

atria

What are the top chambers of the heart called?

one

How many cardiac cycles occur from the beginning of one heart beat to the beginning of the next?

Aorta

Right atrium

brachial artery

brachial artery

apex

r

Which letter indicates a QRS complex?

ventricles

What are the bottom chambers of the heart called?

A cardiac cycle is

one set of atrial contractions followed by one set of ventricular contractions.

pulmonary trunk

left renal artery

systole

The time period when the heart is contracting is called

left ventricle

Right femoral artery

Interventricular septum

depolarization.

When the heart contracts, this is due to an electrical change called

anterior tibial artery

Brachiocephalic veins

great saphenous vein

hematopoiesis

Which term refers to the overall production of all blood cells?

Plasma contains fibrinogen; serum does not.

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

eosinophil

Which white blood cell is most likely to fight a parasitic worm infection?

true

Exercise is associated with an increase in lymph movement.

Platelet plug

Platelets cling to exposed collagen at the site of injury of a blood vessel. What is the result of this process called?

fats

The lymphatic system is involved in the absorption of what from the digestive system?

A platelet

What is a thrombocyte?

Agglutination of the donor red blood cells

What would result when a patient with type A blood receives a transfusion of type B blood?

monocytes and lymphocytes

Which type(s) of leukocytes are agranulocytes?

thoracic duct

myeloid stem cells

Which type of stem cells give rise to red blood cells and platelets?

Both antigens A and B

What type of antigens are found on the surface of red blood cells of a person with type AB blood?

120 days

What is the typical life span of a red blood cell?

Type O

Persons with this type of blood have neither antigen A nor antigen B on their red blood cells, but have antibody anti-A and antibody anti-B in their plasma.

fibrinogen

Which plasma protein plays an important role in blood coagulation?

lumbar trunk

neutrophil

lymphocytes

T cells and B cells are types of which white blood cell?

neutrophils

Which white blood cell is phagocytic and often increased in bacterial infections?

true

Heme groups break down into iron and biliverdin.

Plasma

What component of blood accounts for the largest proportion of the blood volume?