Applied FINAL

Sternocleidomastoid origin

Sternum and clavicle

Sternocleidomastoid insertion

Mastoid process

Rectus abdominis origin

Pubis crest

Rectus abdominis insertion

Xiphoid process and coastal cartilage of 5-7th ribs

External oblique origin

Lateral lower 8 ribs

External oblique insertion

Iliac crest and linea alba

Internal oblique origin

Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

Internal oblique insertion

10-12th ribs, abdominal aponeurosis

Erector spinae origin

Posterior iliac crest and sacrum. Spinous processes of lumbar and lower four thoracic vertebrae

Erector spinae insertion

Angles of ribs, transverse processes of all ribs and base of skull (toward mastoid process)

What muscles facilitate neck flexion

Sternocleidomastoid (B), Scalene muscles (B)

What muscles facilitate neck extension

Splenius capitis (B), Splenius cervicis (B), Erector spinae (B),

What muscles facilitate in neck hyperextension

Splenius capitis, splenius cervicis, erector spinae

What muscles facilitate head extension

Splenius capitis

What muscle facilitates head hyper extension

Sternocleidomastoid

What muscles facilitate lateral neck bending

Sternocleidomastoid (u), scalene muscles (u), erector spinae (u), splenius cervicis (u), splenius capitis (u)

What muscles facilitate neck rotation

Splenius cervicis (u), splenius capitis (u)

What muscles facilitate trunk flexion

Rectus abdominis , external oblique (b), internal oblique (b)

What muscles facilitate trunk extension

Erector spinae

What muscles facilitate trunk hyperextension

Erector spinae

What muscles facilitate lateral trunk bending

External oblique (u), internal oblique (u), erector spinae (u), quadratus lumborum

What muscles facilitate trunk rotation

External oblique (u)- opposite, internal oblique (u)- same

What bones make up the pelvis

Sacrum, coccyx, hip-Ilium, ischium, pubis

What 3 joints make up pelvis

Sacroiliac, lumbosacral, pubic symphysis

Purposes of the pelvis

1. Support weight through vertebral column

2. Receive ground reaction forces

3. Mvmt of pelvis in all 3 planes for coordinated gait

4. Protects organs

5. Bony portion of birth canal

APT ___ moves ___&___

ASIS, anteriorly, inferiorly

PPT____moves____&____

ASIS, superiorly, posteriorly

LPT

2 pelvic crests aren’t level in frontal plane

PPT Facilitates what hip action/what muscles make up the force couple

Flexion; trunk flexors, hip extensors

APT Facilitates what hep action/what muscles make up the force couple

Extension; Hip flexors, trunk extensors

LPT Facilitates what hip actions/what muscles

Abduction/Adduction; Hip abductors on stance leg, contralateral trunk lateral flexors

Iliopsoas origin

Iliac fossa, anterior and lateral surface of T12-L5

Iliopsoas insertion

Lesser trochanter

Rectus femoris origin

AIIS

Rectus femoris insertion

Tibial tuberosity to the patellar tendon

Sartorius origin

ASIS

Sartorius insertion

Proximal medial aspect of the tibia

Gluteus maximus origin

Posterior sacrum and ilium

Gluteus maximus insertion

Posterior femur distal to greater trochanter and to iliotibial band

Semimembranosus’ origin

Ischial tuberosity

Semimembranosus insertion

Posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius origin

Linea aspera

Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius insertion

Tibia tuberosity via patellar tendon

Semitendinosus origin

Ischial tuberosity

Semitendinosus insertion

Anteromedial surface of proximal tibia

Biceps femoris origin

LH=Ischial tuberosity

SH=Lateral lip of linea aspera

Bicep femoris insertion

Fibular head

Gluteus medius origin

Outer surface of the ilium

Gluteus medius insertion

Lateral surface of the greater trochanter

Gluteus minimums origin

Lateral ilium

Gluteus minimums insertion

Anterior surface of the greater trochanter

What muscles make up the quads

1. Rectus femoris

2. Vastus x3

What muscles make up the hamstrings

1. Semis x2

2. Bicep femoris

Flexors of the hip

Iliopsoas, rectus femoris

Extensors of the hip

Gluteus maximus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, bicep femoris

Adductors of the hip

Adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor longus, gracilis

Abductors of the hip

Gluteus medius, gluteus maximus

Internal rotators of the hip

Gluteus minimus

External rotators of the hip

Gluteus maximus, sartorius

Flexors of the knee

Gracilis, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, bicep femoris

Extensors of the knee

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

The femur is what shape?

Convex

The hip (acetabulum) is what shape?

Concave

In CKC knee extension, what is happening?

The femur roles anteriorly, glides posteriorly, and spins medially

In OKC knee extension, what is happening?

The tibia glides superiorly, spins laterally

In CKC knee flexion, what is happening?

Femur rolls posteriorly, glides anteriorly

In OKC knee flexion, what is happening?

Tibia is gliding posteriorly

What type of joint is the knee

Hinge/uniaxial

Explain the Q-Angle

The angle between rectus femoris and patellar tendon, about 13-19 degrees of full knee extension

Hyper extended knee problems

Genu recurvatum, genu varum, genu vegum

Extreme hyper extended knees

Genu recurvatum

Knees bow outward

Genu varum

Knees stuck together

Genu valgum

Terrible triad ligaments torn

ACL, MCL, Meniscus

Tibialis anterior origin

Lateral tibia and interosseous membrane

Tibialis anterior insertion

First cuneiform and first metatarsal

Gastrocnemius origin

Medial and lateral condyles of femur

Gastrocnemius insertion

Posterior calcaneus

Soleus origin

Posterior tibia and fibula

Soleus insertion

Posterior calcaneus

SG Elevation Agonists

Upper trap, levator scap, rhomboid

SG Depression Agonists

Pminor, lower trap

SG UR Agonists

UT, LT, Serratus anterior

SG DR Agonist

Levator scapula, rhomboid, pminor

SG Retraction Agonists

Rhomboid, mid trap

SG Protraction Agonists

Pminor, serratus anterior

Shoulder Flexion Agonists

Pmajor C 1st 60, AD

Shoulder Extension Agonist

Pmajor S 1st 60, subscapularis, infraspinatus, PD, Tmajor, Tminor, lats

Shoulder Abduction Agonists

Delts x3, supraspinatus

Shoulder Adductor Agonists

Lats, teres major, pmajor

Shoulder Internal Rotation Agonists

AD, lats, tmajor, pmajor, subscapularis

Shoulder External Rotation Agonists

PD, Infraspinatus, Tminor

Shoulder Horizontal Adduction Agonists

Pmajor, AD

Shoulder Horizontal Abduction Agonists

PD, Infraspinatus, Tminor

Elbow Flexion Agonists

Biceps brachii, brachioradialis, brachialis

Elbow Extension Agonists

Triceps

Forearm Supinator Agonists

BB, Supinator

Forearm Pronator Agonists

Pronator teres, pronator quadratus

Neck Flexion Agonists

Sternocleidomastoid (B), Scalene muscles (B)

Neck Extension Agonists

Erector Spinae (B), splenius capitis (B), splenius cervicis (B)