AP Psychology Unit 10: Clinical Psychology

Deviant

Not of the norm; dependent upon culture, age.

Distressful

Provokes worry and concern, often considered unjustifiable.

Dysfunctional

Maladaptive; carries unexpected responsibilities and duties.

Abnormal Psychology

Field that studies harmful dysfunctions characterized by deviance, distress, and dysfunction.

Trephining

An early practice used in treating abnormal behavior, involving drilling holes in the skull.

Positive Consequences of Labels

Includes targeted treatment, better communication among professionals, and greater understanding for patients and families.

Negative Consequences of Labels

Labels can influence how professionals perceive individuals, leading to self-fulfilling prophecies.

DSM-V

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, created by the American Psychological Association.

ICD

International Classification of Mental Disorders, created by the World Health Organization.

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Developmental disorder that affects communication and behavior with a wide range of symptoms and disabilities.

Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder

Neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by patterns of inattention, impulsivity, or hyperactivity.

Insomnia

Difficulty in falling asleep, staying asleep, or both, resulting in inadequate rest.

Narcolepsy

Condition marked by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep episodes.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Disorder where breathing stops and starts during sleep, affecting sleep quality.

Anorexia Nervosa

Eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and refusal to maintain a healthy weight.

Bulimia Nervosa

Eating disorder marked by binge eating followed by purging.

Specific Phobia

An irrational fear leading to episodes of intense dread associated with specific objects or situations.

Social Anxiety Disorder

Intense fear in social situations, leading to avoidance and possible scrutiny.

Panic Disorder

Condition defined by episodes of intense fear and physical symptoms like chest pain.

Agoraphobia

Fear of situations where escape might be difficult, often associated with panic.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Chronic condition characterized by excessive worry and physical symptoms.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Response to trauma characterized by intrusion symptoms like flashbacks, avoidance, and negative mood changes.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Condition marked by persistent unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and compulsions to alleviate stress.

Hoarding Disorder

Inability to discard possessions due to distress, leading to severe clutter and anxiety.