Week 1 (30 words)

to leave someone, especially someone you are responsible for (vứt bỏ/bỏ)

abandon

How could she abandon her own child? (bỏ con)

an abandoned building, car, boat etc has been left by the people who owned or used it

abandoned (a) bỏ hoang

The car was found abandoned in Bristol.

the demolition of abandoned buildings (toà nhà bỏ hoang)

based on general ideas or principles rather than specific examples or real events (trừu tượng)

abstract (a) trừu tượng

abstract idea/concept: the ability to translate abstract ideas into words 

By the age of seven, children are capable of thinking in abstract terms (thuật ngữ trừu tượng)

học viện

academy (cơ sở giáo dục, học viện hoặc trung tâm đào tạo)

He just graduated from the police academy

the right to enter a place, use something, see someone etc

access to (n) sự tiếp cận/truy cập/sử dụng

Access to the papers is restricted to senior management. 

Cats should always have access to fresh, clean water.

to find information, especially on a computer

access (v)

Users can access their voice mail remotely.

if a room, building etc can accommodate a particular number of people or things, it has enough space for them

accommodate (v) chứa/chứa đựng

He bought a huge house to accommodate his library. 

The ballroom can accommodate 400 people.

to accept someone’s opinions and try to do what they want, especially when their opinions or needs are different from yours

accommodate (v)

We’ve made every effort to accommodate your point of view.

to go somewhere with someone

accompany (v) đi cùng, hộ tống

Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult. 

Wherever her husband went, she would accompany him.

to play a musical instrument while someone sings a song or plays the main tune

accompany (v) đệm (nhạc cụ)

Daniel wanted Liz to accompany him on violin.

to gradually get more and more money, possessions, knowledge etc over a period of time

accumulate /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ = build up

During a successful business career, she accumulated a great amount of wealth.

If you don't go through the papers on your desk on a regular basis, they just keep on accumulating.

correct and true in every detail

accurate (a) chính xác - accuracy/ accurately/inaccuracy/inaccurate

It is difficult to get accurate figures on population numbers.

It’s impossible to predict the weather accurately.

to succeed in finishing something or reaching an aim, especially after a lot of work or effort

achieve (v) đạt được (thành tựu)

She eventually achieved her goal of becoming a professor.

Wilson has achieved considerable success as an artist.

to accept, admit, or recognize something, or the truthor existence of something:

acknowledge (v) thừa nhận = accept/admit

He acknowledges that when he’s tired he gets bad-tempered.

‘Maybe you are right, ’ she acknowledged.

to obtain something by buying it or being given it

acquire (formal) = get

The college acquired a reputation for very high standards.

The council acquired the land using a compulsory purchase order.

to gain knowledge or learn a skill

acquire (formal) (v) - acquisition (n)

He spent years acquiring his skills as a surgeon. 

Elsie acquired a good knowledge of Chinese.

to gradually change your behavior and attitudes in order to be successful in a new situation

adapt to (v) thích nghi với
The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school.

if a book or play is adapted for film, television etc, it is changed so that it can be made into a film, television programme etc

adapt (v) chuyển thể - adaptation (n)

be adapted for st: Many children buy books after they have been adapted for television.

the BBC adaptation of the best-selling book

enough in quantity or of a good enough quality for a particular purpose SYN sufficient OPP inadequate

adequate = sufficient # inadequate

Are the parking facilities adequate for 50 cars?

a room, building, piece of land etc that is adjacent to something is next to it

adjacent to 

We stayed in adjacent rooms.

the building adjacent to the library

to gradually become familiar with a new situation

adjust = adapt

They’ll soon settle in – kids are very good at adjusting.

It took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust to the darkness.

adjust to doing st: My parents had trouble adjusting to living in an apartment.

to change or move something slightly to improve it or make it more suitable for a particular purpose

adjust - adjustment (n)- adjustable (a): điều chỉnh/chỉnh

Check and adjust the brakes regularly. 

Taste the soup and adjust the seasoning.

to manage the work or money of a company or organization

administer (v) quản lý - administration (n) - administrator (n)

The money will be administered by local charities.

Our office administers the affairs of the Society.

to give something to someone

administer (v)

It is not the job of the police to administer justice; that falls to the courts.

Pillai had responsibility for administering to the needs of half a million people

the time when you are an adult

adulthood # childhood

People in England legally reach adulthood at 18.

Responsibility, I suppose, is what defines adulthood.

to publicly support or suggest an idea, development, or way of doing something

advocate (C2) /ˈædvəkeɪt/ ủng hộ

He advocates the return of capital punishment (án tử hình)

advocate for (AE): We will continue to advocate for a regional, cooperative approach to the construction project.

to have an influence on someone or something, or to cause a change in someone or something

affect (v) ảnh hưởng

the areas affected by the hurricane

Both buildings were badly affected by the fire.

a disease that affects the central nervous system

the total after a lot of different figures or points have been added together

aggregate of: tổng số

They purchased an aggregate of 3,000 shares in the company.

In the aggregate (=as a group or in total), women outlive men by 7 or more years

a piece of equipment that helps you to do something

aid (C1) công cụ hỗ trợ, sự hỗ trợ

teaching aids, such as books and videos

aid to: A thesaurus is a useful aid to writing.

to give something to someone as their share of a total amount, to use in a particular way

allocate (v) phân bố (tiền/nguồn lực), phân công

The government is allocating £10 million for health education.

As project leader, you will have to allocate people jobs/allocate jobs to people.