Pregnancy + Neonate

What are important conditions to watch out for in pregnancy? (4)

• IDA & Thal

• B12/Folate def

• Parasitic infections: Hookworm, whipworm, round worm.

• Haemostais conditions: Especially HELLP and ITP (Itp- IgG)

What hematological changes are seen in premature babies? (6)

• Non-specific overt poik lasting longer than 6 months.

• More hyposplenic changes

• Increased EM

• Neutropenia

• Eosinophilia

• Thrombocytosis OR penia.

What are considered the normal amounts of nRBC in babies? (2)

• Normal: 3-10 / 100

• Premmie: 3-25 / 100

What conditions may cause elevated nRBC in babies? (3)

• Intra-uterine hypoxic stress.

• Intra-uterine growth conditions

• Sepsis

What are the risk factors for sepsis in a neonate? (5)

• Prematurity

• Low birth weight

• Premature/prolonged rupture of membrane

• Maternal fever >38

• Traumatic delivery.

What does sepsis look like in a neonate? (6)

• Leucocytosis

• Neutrophilia

• Thrombocytopenia

• Left shift

• Increased nRBC

• Increased band forms

How long are bands forms counted in neonates?

• Up to 2 months

What is the IT ratio calculation?

IT = (band + EM) / (total neut + EM)

How long is an IT ratio reported?

2 days

What could an isolated thrombocytopenia indicate? (+ how many plt?)

• Feotal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia

• <50

What are known as the leukemias of childhood?

ALL, AML, JMML