Islamic Archi

Submission to God’s will

Islam means

Mecca

The main religious centers

Medina

To which he fled from enemies in 622

Ka’aba

A small cubical stone building in the courtyard of the Great Mosque at Mecca containing a sacred black stone and regarded by muslims as the House of God

Koran

Regarded as revelation throgh the medium of the prophet Mohammed

Hadith

A collection of his sayings or injunction

Wide eaves and sheltering arcades

Excessive sunshine has produced a tendency

Harem

A woman’s place was in the private part of the household

Imam

Islamic leadership position

Caliph

Head of state of the Islamic community

Arabesque

Means of decoration influenced by Arabian style

Muhammedan

Used by the followers of Muhammad or Mohammet who founded the Islam religion

Moslem or Muslim

The followers are called

Saracenic

Name of greek origin applied by the Romans and afterwards to the crusaders to the Nomad tribes or desert of egypt and western asia

Seljur/Selijuh

Name used in Turkey in its Earliest stage and in the later stage was called Ottoman after turkish dynasty

Mugaha or Mogul

After a line of emperors in India

Calligraphy

Used to enchance the interior of a building by providing quotationn from the Qur’an

Large domes, towering minarets, and large courtyards

Intended to convey power

Moorish Architecture

Islamic architeture of the North africa and esp of the regions of spain under moorish domination, characterized by the building of large mosques and elaborate fortress palaces

Moor

A member of the muslim people of Northwest africa who invaded Spain in the *th and occupied it until 1942

Mozarabic Style

Style of Spanish Architecture produce from the 9th - 15th century by Christians under Moorish influence, characterized by the horseshoe arch and other moorish features

Mudehar Architecture

Style of spanish architecture, characterized by a fusion of Romanesque and Gothic with Islamic elements

Mudejar

Muslim permitted to remain in Spain after the Christian reconquest

Seljuk Architecture

Islamic Architecture of Several Turkish dynasties that ruled over central and western asia

Ottoman Architecure

The Islamic architecture of the Ottoman empire , influenced by Byzantine Architecture

Mogul Architecure

Indo-Islamic architecture of Mogul Dynasty, typified by monumental palaces and mosques with highly detailed decorative work

Minaret

Tower

Sahn (atrium)

Central courtyard of a mosque

Meda

Fountain or ablution

Liwanat or Colonnades

Large vaulted portal opening onto central courtyard of a mosque

Mihrab (niche

Santuary or decorative panel where founde of the mosque is estombed

Mimbar

Pulpit

Dikka

Reading desk

Maqsura (screen)

Similar to reredo of Early Christian churches found between the mihrab, mimbar and dikka

Quibla

The wall in a mosque in which the mihrab is set, oriented to Mecca axis oriented towards Mecca

Mihrab

Recessed in a wall to contain sculpture

Mimber

Raised platform for ceremonial announcement

Iwan

Open fronted vault facing on to the court

Bab

Gateway

Chatri (India)

Umbrella shaed cupola

Kiosk

Small pavilion Usually open built in gardens and parks

Friday mosque or Congregational Mosque

Mosque used for public or congregational worship

Madrassah (Collegiate Mosque)

Cruciform in plan with central portion

The forearms of the cross are overed by pointed vaults and behind the mihrab is where the founder’s tomb is found and covered with a dome

Tomb Mosque

Often used for private prayer

Muezzin

Calls muslims to pray from the minaret

Wudu

Muslims wash in a special sequence called wudu

Salah

Ritual prayer practised five times a day as one of the Five Pillars of Islm

Stalactite

Structural and ornamental device

Corbel (muqarna

Block of stone, often elaborately carded or moulded

Domes

Supported by pendentives formed by rouse of small arches known as stalactites

Cresting

An ornament of a roof

Quba Mosque, Medina

Holds the title of the first mosque in Islamic history established specifically during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad

Al-Masjid An-Nabawi

Second mosque built by the Prophet Muhammad

The Dome of the rock - Jerusalem

Built by the Caliph Abd al-Malik. The building encloses a huge rock located at its center from which the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven at the end of his Night journey

Medina

Burial place of Muhammad and Prophet’s Mosque in the city to which Muhammad and the early Muslims fled as they escaped the dangers in Mecca

Selamlik

Men’s or guests’ quarters