lesson 2 patterns of inheritance

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Last updated 1:57 AM on 5/18/26
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4 Terms

1
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dihybrid cross

  • dihybrid - inheritance of two genes

Option #1 Dependent Assortment

  • genes are on the same chromosome and travel together

  • 2 chromosomes, diploid (homologs)

Option #2 Independent Assortment

  • genes are on different chromosome and travel independently

  • 4 chromosomes, diploid

  • phenotypic ratio 9:3:3:1

2
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how to find possible allele combinations from genotype to use for a Punnett square

FOIL

first, outer, inner, last

  • genotype = diploid

  • need alleles on gametes = haploid

3
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how to determine unknown genotypes

  • use a testcross - cross to homozygous recessive individual

4
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how to find probability

  • think of individual gene pairs b/c of law of independent assortment - the segregation of gene pairs are independent events

ex. for cross of AaBb x Aabb what’s the probability of AAbb

separate into Aa x Aa to find probability of AA (¼)

separate into Bb x bb to find probability of bb (½)

then multiply the probabilities (¼ x ½ = 1/8)