Lab 4: Cell Structure and Function

All organisms are made of __________

cells

the cell is the ________ functional unit of life.

simplest

All cells are related by their ___________ from earlier cells

descent

Though cells can differ substantially from one another, they share common _____.

features

Eukaryotic Cells have:

• Membrane

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus (membrane-enclosed)

• Membrane-enclosed organelles

• DNA (throughout the nucleus)

Prokaryotic Cells have:

• DNA (no nucleus)

• Membrane

Protists:

100 micromillimeters

Domain Bacteria:

2 micromillimeters

Domain Archaea:

2 micromillimeters

Domain Eukarya is a _____________.

Kingdom Plantae

Bacterial cell structures:

• cell wall made of peptidoglycan

• Nucleoid region

• Appendages (flagella, pili, and fimbriae)

Cyanobacteria is a Prokaryotes cell that is _________ than bacteria.

larger

Cyanobacteria can be _______ or ________.

unicellular or colonial

Cyanobacteria bacteria contains _____________ with photosynthetic pigment.

thylakoid membranes

Cyanobacteria is often surrounded by ________________.

mucilaginous sheath

scientist use the phrase _________ to describe the location of the DNA in the cytoplasm of the prokaryotic cell.

nucleoid region

Three types of bacteria that comes in various shapes and sizes:

• Coccus - SPHERES

• Bacillus - CYLINDERS

• Spirilla - SPIRALS

While being unicellular, bacteria can be _______ together in clumps or can be organized in chains

grouped

Like all cells, bacteria has a:

• Plasma membrane

• cytoplasm

• ribosomes

• DNA found in the nucleoid region in the cytoplasm

Gloeocapsa (Cyanobacteria):

(blue-green algae); small colonies where spherical, unicellular bacteria are encased in distinct, thick, glowing caps.

Oscillatoria (cyanobacteria):

(green strings); found in freshwater and marine environments.

Anabaena (cyanobacteria);

(beaded strings); looks like planktonic chains linked.