Phase 3: Behavior, Assessment, and the SPED Process

Flashcards covering behaviorism, classroom assessment types, the special education process, and theories of intelligence.

ABCs of Behavior

A sequence consisting of the Antecedent (trigger), Behavior (action), and Consequence (result).

Reinforcement

A consequence that increases the likelihood of a behavior, categorized as Positive (giving something good) or Negative (removing something bad).

Punishment

A consequence that decreases the likelihood of a behavior, categorized as Presentation (Type 1) or Removal/Timeout (Type 2).

Functions of Behavior

The five primary reasons for behavior: Attention, Escape, Tangible, Sensory, and Power/Control.

Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)

A process used to determine the "why" behind a specific behavior.

Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP)

The "how" to fix or address behaviors, developed based on assessment findings.

Summative Assessment

Assessments conducted after learning has occurred to evaluate outcomes.

Formative Assessment

Assessments conducted during the learning process to monitor progress.

Norm-Referenced Assessment

Assessments that compare an individual's performance to their peers, often represented by a Bell Curve.

Criterion-Referenced Assessment

Assessments that compare an individual's performance to a specific standard, such as SOLs.

Reliability

The consistency of an assessment's results over time.

Validity

The extent to which an assessment measures what it is intended to measure.

The Referral (VA)

The process of identifying differences; in Virginia, there are $65$ business days to complete evaluations.

Individualized Education Program (IEP)

A specialized plan for students in special education containing PLAAFPs, Goals, Accommodations, and Services.

Locus of Control

The way individuals attribute outcomes to either internal or external factors.

Sternberg's Triarchic Intelligence

A theory of intelligence consisting of three parts: Analytical, Creative, and Practical.

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences

A theory proposing $8$ types of intelligence: Linguistic, Logical, Spatial, Musical, Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, and Naturalist.