Philippine Literary History

Definition and identification of key terms and figures in Philippine Literary History from the Pre-Colonial era to the 21st Century.

Literature

A body of written works, specifically imaginative works of poetry and prose distinguished by the intentions of their authors and perceived aesthetic excellence.

Folk tales

Stories about life, adventure, love, horror, and humor through which one can derive lessons, such as "THE MOON AND THE SUN."

Epics

Long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length.

Folk Songs

One of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the pre-Spanish period, often featuring 12 syllables and mirroring early culture.

ALIBATA

The first Filipino alphabet, which was later replaced by the Roman Alphabet during the Spanish period.

Recreational Plays

Poetic forms of performance during Spanish times including Cenaculo, Panunuluyan, Salubong, and Zarzuela.

Ilustrados

Filipino intellectuals in the 19th Century educated in Europe who began to write about the hitch of colonization.

Propaganda Movement (1872-1896)

A movement spearheaded by the intellectual middle-class, including Jose Rizal and Marcelo del Pilar, to seek reforms.

Noli Me Tangere

One of the significant writings of Jose Rizal during the Period of Enlightenment.

Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa

A work by Marcelo del Pilar which translates to "Love of Country."

Ang Fray Botod

A literary piece written by Graciano Lopez Jaena.

Jose Garcia Villa

A writer who became famous for his free verse during the American Regime.

TRIBUNE and PHILIPPINE REVIEW

The only newspapers allowed to circulate in the community after Philippine literature in English came to a halt during the Japanese Period.

Haiku

A poem of free verse favored by the Japanese, consisting of $17$ syllables divided into three lines following a $5-7-5$ structure.

Tanaga

A short poem similar to the Haiku that possesses measure and rhyme.

Pociano Pineda

The individual who stated that youth activism in 1970-1972 was due to domestic and worldwide causes.

September 21, 1972

The start date of the period of the New Society.

Carlos Palanca Awards

Annual awards that continued to be given during the period of the New Society.

January 2, 1981

The date Martial Rule was lifted and the "New Republic of the Philippines" was established under President Marcos.

People Power (Lakas ng Bayan)

The revolution that occurred from February 21-25, 1986, allowing the Filipino people to regain independence.

Post-EDSA Newspapers

Newspapers that enjoyed an overnight increase in circulation after 1986, including THE INQUIRER, MALAYA, and the PEOPLE’S JOURNAL.

21st Century Period Literature

Literature characterized by learners who are ICT inclined and the use of new codes or lingos to add flavor to literary pieces.