Bio 001

Evolution

Changes in allele frequencies in populations over successive generations

Adaption

The process of evolution by natural selection resulting in organisms who are well suited to their environment

An adaptation

A trait that has evolved to enhance an organisms survival and reproduction in its environment

What determines the temperature?

Incident solar radiation

_______ drives latitudinal patterns of air circulation.

incident solar radiation

What influences precipitation?

atmospheric circulation

Trade-off

The relationship between the benefit of a trait in one context and costs in another context

Principle of allocation

Each organism has a limited amount of time or energy that can be used for all life processes

Liebig’s law of minimum

You can only create so much of something because of limiting factors

What happens when plants are limited in nitrogen and nutrients?

they produce more roots

Optimal Foraging Theory

Organisms want to maximize the energy they’re gaining per unit

Rates of biochemical reactions often ______ with temperatures.

increase exponentially

However, enzymes and proteins __________, losing their ability to catalyze reactions.

Denature at higher temperatures

Type I

Low mortality until later stages of life

Type II

constant probability of survival from year to year

Type III

High juvenile mortality but low adult mortality

Natural Selection

Increased survival and reproduction compared to others based on different traits

3 things necessary for natural selection to occur

phenotypic variation, heritability, differential success

heritability

The proportion of phenotypic variation that is explained by inheritance