ACCIDENTS

- left hand area of the motorway

- what it's used for

- hard shoulder

- used for emergencies e.g. accidents & breakdowns

who also uses it and why

emergency services to get thru heavy traffic

when driving on the motorway & object from your or another vehicle falls, WHEN SAFE TO DO SO...

1) pull over

2) use emergency telephone to report the incident

3) NEVER attempt to retrieve the object yourself

flat tyre - what to do

1) grip steering wheel tightly

2) turn on hazard warning lights (all indicators are flashing)

3) DO NOT BRAKE!

4) pull over to hard shoulder and let car roll to stop

use hazard warning lights when you...

- have broken down

- are causing an obstruction

- need to warn drivers of hazard ahead of you

vehicle on the hard shoulder with help pennant means

the driver is most likely disabled

tyre pressure light

what to do when you have your warning light on

1) pull over when safe to do so

2) use vehicle handbook to check meaning of symbol + what actions to take

who do you speak to on the telephone

High ways England

what will they do

• send out emergency services to deal with the objects on road

• phone breakdown company (they’ll come to help)

what do they ask you on the phone

• number on side of telephone to know where you are

• what happened

• details about you, the car, your breakdown company

what to do when the accident is NOT on the motorway

put warning traingle 45 metres behind car to warn other traffic of hazard

what is recommended to be carried in your car

• warning traingle

• first aid kit

• fire extinguisher

details of all drivers involved in the accidents:

• name

• address

• phone number

• make + model of vehicle

• registration number

• insurance company

• company details (if company vehicle)

if police are at the scene, what will they ask you for?

• driving license

• MOT test certificate

• insurance certificate

if you hit property and owner isn’t in?

report to police within 24 hours of incident happening

• ALL vehicles carrying dangerous loads must display this sign

purpose of dangerous load sign

indicates what’s being carried + how dangerous it is + helps emergency services in accidents

breakdown in level crossing and warning lights start flashing…

• get everyone out the car clear the crossing

• use emergency contact phone to contact SIGNAL OPERATOR

• push car off crossing ONLY IF INSTRUCTED BY SIGNAL OPERATOR

tunnel

• sunglasses off

• tune radio (gives updates on any accidents or fires in tunnel)

• dipped headlights on to improve ur view

stopping in tunnels

• leave safe distance between you and vehicle in front

• should be able to see tires + tarmac infront

safeguard against risk of fire

• don’t carry a can of fuel in the car

• carry fire extinguisher

• check any smell of fuel

if fire started inside tunnel…

…drive out

if unable to do so?

• hazard warning lights on

• turn engine off

• use fire extinguisher

• use emergency telephone box to call for help (as there’s no signal)

if urs or another car catches fire and it’s not able to drive out…

…use emergency exit to get out

breakdown and collision?

1) hazard lights on

2) turn off engine

3) use emergency phone

collision whilst moving? MUST STOP AT THE SCENE OF INCIDENT

what to do when u think someone’s not breathing?

1) check if mouth is blocked

2) tilt head back to clear airways and check breathing for at least 10 seconds (hold hand close to nose/mouth

what to do if they’re ACTUALLY not breathing?

chest compressions

• place heel of your hand in centre of persons chest

• place other hand on top interlocking your fingers

• push down by 5-6cm

• repeat at rate of 120 compressions per minute/ 2 per second

• repeat compressions 30 times

• do CPR (head tilted back still) - pinch nostrils together + blow into mouth until chest rises and repeat until they start breathing OR help arrives

• be gentle if it’s a child

burns

• douse burn in NON-TOXIC liquid e.g. water

• cool burn for AT LEAST 10 minutes so heat doesn’t burn them

• DONT REMOVE ANYTHING STICKING TO THE BURN!

bleeding

• check there’s nothing in the wound

• if there is, LEAVE IT IN for medical professionals

• raise would above heart level and apply pressure to wound to reduce blood flow

shock - signs

• rapid pulse

• pale skin

• sweating

• shallow rapid breathing

shock - what to do

• reassure them

• don’t leave them alone

• keep them warm

• don’t move them

what to not offer them

• food

• drinks

• cigarette

if injured person lies on the road…

…warn other traffic

what NOT to do in motorcyclist accident

don’t remove their helmet