GIT Pharmacology

This collection of flashcards covers important pharmacological concepts related to GIT pharmacology, including drug classifications, their actions, therapeutic uses, and adverse effects.

Peptic Ulcer Disease

A condition where sores develop on the lining of the stomach, small intestine, or esophagus.

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Medications that irreversibly inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in gastric parietal cells, reducing gastric acid production.

H2 Receptor Antagonists

Medications that block histamine H2 receptors in the stomach, reducing gastric acid secretion.

Antacids

Substances that neutralize stomach acid to relieve symptoms of heartburn and indigestion.

Sucralfate

A mucosal protective agent that forms a protective barrier over ulcer sites in the stomach and duodenum.

Omeprazole

A proton pump inhibitor used to treat peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Ranitidine

An H2 receptor antagonist used to decrease gastric acid secretion.

Misoprostol

A prostaglandin analogue used to prevent NSAID-induced ulcers.

Bismuth Subsalicylate

An anti-diarrheal agent with mucosal protective properties, often used in H. pylori treatment regimens.

Prokinetic Agents

Drugs that enhance gastrointestinal motility, used to treat conditions like GERD and gastroparesis.

Metoclopramide

A prokinetic agent and antiemetic that increases gastrointestinal motility and reduces nausea.

Ondansetron

A selective serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, primarily used to prevent nausea and vomiting.

Laxatives

Substances that promote bowel movements and relieve constipation.

Antimotility Agents

Medications that reduce intestinal motility to manage diarrhea.

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

A rare condition characterized by gastrin-secreting tumors that cause excessive gastric acid production.

Adverse Effects of PPIs

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and potential long-term issues like vitamin deficiencies.

Colloidal Bismuth Subcitrate

A mucosal protective agent used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and part of quadruple therapy for H. pylori.

Triple Therapy for H. pylori

A treatment regimen typically consisting of a proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin.

Quadruple Therapy for H. pylori

An advanced treatment regimen that includes a proton pump inhibitor, bismuth subsalicylate, tetracycline, and metronidazole.

Liquid Paraffin

A lubricant laxative used to treat constipation by coating stool and intestinal walls.

Bisacodyl

A stimulant laxative used to treat constipation by directly stimulating colonic peristalsis.

Loperamide

An antimotility agent used to treat diarrhea by slowing gut movement.

Racecadotril

An antisecretory agent that reduces intestinal fluid secretion, used to treat diarrhea.

Probiotics

Beneficial microorganisms that help restore the natural balance of gut flora and may reduce the risk of diarrhea.

Zinc in Pediatric Diarrhea

Zinc plays a vital role in managing pediatric diarrhea by reducing duration, severity, and supporting immune function.