Nutrition Final Review

What are functions of bone related to structure and support

• physical support for organs and body segments

• protect vital organs; rib cage protects lungs, skull protects brain, vertebrae protects spina cord

• work w muscles n tendons to allow movement

what are the functions of bone related to metabolic processes

• bone tissue acts as a storage reservoir for many minerals (calcium, phosphorus, fluoride), body drawson these deposits when minerals are needed for body processes, but this can reduce body mass

• most blood cells are produced in the red bone marrow

what are the 2 types of bone?

Trabecular - spongy, located inside, contains red marrow

cortical - compact, outside layer

what is bone growth?

• determines bone size

• begins in womb

• continues until early adulthood

Bone modeling?

• determines bone shape

• begins in the womb

• continues to early adulthood

bone remodeling?

• maintains integrity of bone

• replaces old bone with new bone to maintain mineral balance

• involves bone resorption and formation

• occurs predominantly during adulthood

How does body miantain bone health?

• bone density: compactness of bones

  • increase density even after bone growth stops

• peak bone density: when bones are strongest

  • usually by 20s