AMM

Minority Group

A subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their lives than those of a dominant or majority group.

Biological Meaning of Race

The mistaken notion of a genetically isolated human group; lacks scientific basis but creates different meanings based on appearance, location, and culture.

Subordinate Group

A group that may emerge through migration, annexation, and/or colonialism, having less power compared to a dominant group.

Extermination

The most extreme approach to dealing with a subordinate group by eliminating them, such as in the case of genocide.(NAZI)

Assimilation

The process by which a subordinate individual or group adopts the characteristics of the dominant group and becomes indistinguishable from it.

Intersectionality

a framework that explains how multiple forms of discrimination overlap and create unique experiences of oppression

Prejudice

A negative attitude toward an entire group, involving thoughts and beliefs but not actions.

Microaggressions

Daily verbal indignities that members of a minority group experience, which can be intentional or unintentional.

Discrimination

The denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups as a result of prejudice, involving behavioral exclusion.

Color-blind Racism

Using race-neutral principles to defend the racially unequal status quo. Example: Opposing affirmative actions in universities without acknowledging the disparities in access to quality education

Social Distance

The tendency to approach or withdraw from a racial group, often measured using the Bogardus scale.

Hate Crimes

Crimes motivated by bias against race, color, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, gender, gender identity, or disability.

Affirmative Action

Positive efforts to recruit minority group members, including women, for jobs, promotions, and educational opportunities.

Cultural Appropriation

Misusing or misrepresenting symbols and images from different cultures.

Relative Deprivation

the feeling of not having enough resources to maintain a desired lifestyle

Institutional Discrimination

The denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups resulting from the normal operations of a society.

Types of Minority Groups

Include racial groups, gender groups, ethnic groups, and religious groups.

Bogardus Scale

A scale created to measure social distance by assessing willingness to interact with various racial and ethnic groups.

Eugenics

The belief in improving the genetic quality of the human population, linked to the consequences of misnotions of biological race.

Stereotypes

Unreliable generalizations about all group members that do not consider individual differences.

Exploitation Theory

A theory suggesting that some people use others unfairly for economic advantage.

Normative Approach

Considers that prejudice is influenced by societal norms and situations that encourage or discourage tolerance of minorities.

Fusion

Occurs when a minority and a majority group combine to form a new group.

Resistance

Efforts by subordinate groups to challenge the dominant group's ideology and power.

Diversity Training

Seeks to build skills in employees to interact with people from different backgrounds, reducing organizational prejudice.

Colonialism

The maintenance of political, social, economic, and cultural dominance over people by a foreign power for an extended period (Bell 1991).

Expulsion

Dominant groups may choose to force a specific subordinate group to leave certain areas or even vacate a country

Secession

A group ceases to be a subordinate group when it secedes to form a new nation or moves to an already-established nation, where it becomes dominant.

Segregation

The physical separation of two groups in residence, workplace, and social functions. Generally, the dominant group imposes segregation on a subordinate group.

Privilege

Personal, interpersonal, cultural, and institutional levels that gives advantages, favors, and benefits to members of dominant groups.

Prejudice

A negative attitude toward an entire group of people. 4 of these theories

Scapegoating Theory

People use some expressions of prejudice to blame others and refuse to accept responsibility.

Authoritarian Personality Theory(prejudice theory)

Prejudice may be influenced by one’s upbringing and the lessons learned early in life.

Discrimination

the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups as a result of prejudice or for other arbitrary reasons. involves behavior that excludes group members from certain rights, opportunities, or privileges.

Absolute Deprivation

lack of resources to meet basic needs

The Hate Crime Statistics Act

a national mandate to monitor hate crimes in each state.

Immigration

Coming into a new country as a permanent resident.

Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882 

Major Immigration Policies that banned Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States for 10 years

National origin system,

established quotas for immigration from certain countries that restricted immigration to the United States based on nationality

Immigration and Nationality Act, 1965

Legislation that abolished the national origins quota system, prioritizing family reunification and skilled immigrants.

Immigration Reform and Control Act,

1986 legislation that aimed to control illegal immigration by providing a pathway to citizenship for undocumented immigrants and enforcing employer sanctions.

Naturalization

The legal process bu which a non citizen becomes a citizen of a country

Initially an art expression of copying works of prior artists, gaining more recognition in the 1990s

How did cultural appropriation start?

insiders

those who belong to the culture

outsiders

those who are not originally apart of the culture

reproduction of art decreases its cultural value and its actual value.

What did Walter Benjamin speak about?

Using cultural pieces in fashion can shift the true meaning and significance of them.

How does the misuse of symbols and designs in fashion brands effect the value of the respected culture?

Social Media plays a significant role in raising awareness and holding fashion brands accountable for cultural and historical sensitivity.

What does social media do for culture appropriation?