SCLA 102 exam 2

What was the primary reason the American colonists revolted against the British?

After the British fought in the French Indian war they became severely in debt and began taxing the American colony more.

What was the Stamp Act tax

any official documents in colonies got taxed including all printed media.

What was the significance of the battle of Saratoga?

The most significant Northern battle of the Revolutionary War. The Americans captured a large number of British troops in a surprise victory, which improved American morale and won them the official support of France(plus the Dutch and Spanish)

Boston Massacre

The first bloodshed of the American Revolution (1770), as British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five Americans

Boston Tea Party

A 1773 protest against British taxes in which Boston colonists disguised as Mohawks dumped valuable tea into Boston Harbor.

What 3 rights does Thomas Jefferson say are inalienable in the Declaration of Independence?

Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness

Intolerable Acts

series of laws passed in 1774 to punish Boston for the Tea Party

Miracle at Philadelphia

Book by Catherine Bowen on how the constitution was made.

How was the Federalist vs. Anti-Federalist conflict resolved at the Constitutional Convention?

Massachusetts Compromise - Federalists promised to add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution

Which Amendment of the US Constitution protects freedom of speech?

The First Amendment

Which Amendment provides the separation of church and state?

First Amendment

double jeopardy

Being tried twice for the same crime is not allowed. Part of 5th amendment

What is “eminent domain” found in the 5th Amendment?

The government’s power to seize private property for public use without the owner’s consent (requires the government to provide “just compensation.”

Which Amendment gives citizens the right to bear arms?

The Second Amendment

What does the 10th Amendment mean?

Any powers not explicitly granted to the federal government by the Constitution, nor prohibited to the states, are reserved for the states or the people

Major examples Frederick Douglass gives in his Narrative to show the dehumanization of slavery

Brutal whipping of his Aunt Hester. denial of literacy to keep slaves ignorant, slaves treated similarly to livestock, forced separation of families

2 major episodes in the life of Douglass that empowered him to overcome the dehumanization of slavery

Empowerment: education and consciousness raising; Fighting back: physical fight against “slave-breaker” Edward Covey

What was it about the treatment of his grandmother that infuriated Douglass more than anything else?

The ingratitude of his grandmother’s owners, who abandoned her to die alone in a hut in the woods. She was discarded like a useless object. Shows the utter cruelty of slavery.

cognitive dissonance

Hypocrites made the constitution. Recognition of a problem but not fixing it in their own life

John Brown

Abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (1800-1858)

Why did William Lloyd Garrison apologize

For his thoughts on relocation of slaves.

Where did the American Civil War officially start?

Fort Sumter, South Carolina in 1861

Missouri Compromise

"Compromise of 1820" over the issue of slavery in Missouri. It was decided Missouri entered as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state and all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states.

Bleeding Kansas

A sequence of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-Slavery elements that took place in Kansas-Nebraska Territory. The dispute further strained the relations of the North and South, making civil war imminent.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

a law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slavery

Which book was instrumental in increasing hostility between the North and the South.

Uncle Toms Cabin

Which two women organized the convention in Seneca Falls in 1848 and what document did they imitate when they wrote their Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions?

Elizabeth Cady Stanton, lucretia mott (Quaker)

Gettysburg

A large battle in the American Civil War, took place in southern Pennsylvania from July 1 to July 3, 1863. The battle is named after the town on the battlefield. Union General George G. Meade led an army of about 90,000 men to victory against General Robert E. Lee's Confederate army of about 75,000. Gettysburg is the war's most famous battle because of its large size, high cost in lives, location in a northern state, and for President Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address.

Which invention resulted in greater slavery in the antebellum South?

Eli Whitney’s cotton gin