Chem 12 - Solubility Eqm

Solution

A mixture of solvent and solutes

Solvent

In a solution the species with the greatest number of moles

Solute

In a solution the species with fewer moles than the solvent.

Homogeneous

A mixture containing a solvent and solute composed of a single phase

Heterogeneous

A multi phase mixture

Solvation

When the solvent attaches to the solute to form solvation spheres

Hydration spheres

A solvation sphere in which H2O is the solvent

Saturated

An equilibrium system in which the max amount of solute has been dissolved in a solvent

Concentration

The amount of solute compared to solvent

Common Ion Effect

It’s hard to dissolve an ion if you already have a lot of the ion in the solution

Methods of decreasing solubility

cool the system or add a common ion

Methods of increasing solubility

Heat the system or remove an ion

Supersaturated solution

A supersaturated solution contains more solute in solution than can be dissolved