Grade-11, Unit-5 Geographical Location and Economic Development

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to the impacts of geographic location on economic development, climate extremes, and trade dynamics in Africa.

Economic Growth

An increase in goods and services produced by a country, measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP), focusing on quantity.

Economic Development

A long-term improvement in the well-being of society, focusing on both quantity and quality, including better education, health, and housing.

Human Development Index (HDI)

A tool to measure human well-being and development, scored from 0 to 1, where a higher score indicates better development.

Geographical Determinism

The idea that a country's development is entirely dictated by its geography, including location, climate, and landforms.

Possibilism

The notion that geography is one of many factors influencing development, emphasizing human ingenuity and technology's role in modifying the environment.

Central Place Theory (CPT)

A theory developed by Walter Christaller that explains the arrangement, size, and number of settlements, characterized by central places providing services to surrounding areas.

Material Index (MI)

A formula used to decide the location of industries: MI = (Weight of Inputs) / (Weight of Outputs); determines proximity to raw materials or markets based on weight.

Poverty Trap

A situation where individuals or families cannot escape poverty due to a sequence of challenging events exacerbated by extreme climates.

Landlocked Countries

Countries completely surrounded by land with no direct access to sea or ocean, facing unique economic challenges, including high transport costs.

Intra-African Trade

Trade between African countries, which has been growing but still holds a low share in the global trade market, affected by various barriers.