AFH 1 Section 2 "Military Organization and Command"

26E5 AFH1

______ ________ is the stablished levels of responsibility for Command, Control and Communication (C3) throughout a chain of command

Command authority

Where does the responsibility and authority for the US Armed Forces run through?

From the President, to the SecDef, through two distinct branches of command and every commander at every level

Each level in the chain of command is ______ for all lower levels and accountable to all higher

responsible

What establishes the basic principle of civilian control of the armed forces?

The US Constitution

How is the Commander in Chief’s, AKA the President’s, authority limited?

Checks and balances from the legislative and judicial branches.

By statute, the chain of command runs from the President through the SecDef to the __________ _________

combatant commanders (CCDR)

For all forces not assigned to CCDRs, the chain of command runs through who?

From the President, to the SecDef, to the secretaries of the military departments (SECAF)

Public Law 99-433, ______________ Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986, allows the President to authorize communications through the Chairmen, Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS)

Goldwater-Nichols

Headquarterd at the Pentagon, the ___ is America’s largest government agency. Hosting over 1.3 million RegAF, 826,000 National Guard and Reserve members, and 742,000 civilian personnel.

DoD

What is the DoD’s mission?

Provide military forces to deter war and protect the security of the country

What 6 departments make the DoD?

1) Office of the SecDef, 2) Joint Chiefs of Staff, 3) Joint Staff, 4) Departments of the Army, Navy (Marine Corps), and Air Force (Space Force), 5) unified Combatant Commands (CCMD), and 6) forces dedicated to combined commander, defense agencies and DoD field activities

The ______ is the head of the DoD

SecDef

The SecDef provides written policy guidance for DoD national security objectives and policies, military mission priorities and projected levels for available resource and the _______ with written policy guidance regarding contingency plans

Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS)

The _______ formulates general defense policy, is the civilian head of the DoD and executes approved policy as the principal defense advisor for the President.

SecDef

Who does the SecDef exercise operational chain of command between?

The President and the Combatant Commanders (CCDR)

The Armed Forces Policy Counsel assists the SecDef in matters requiring ___________ view, formulating broad defense policy and advises the SecDef on policies.

long-range

Who is on the Armed Force Policy Council

1) SecDef (Chairman), 2) Deputy SecDef, 3) Secretaries of the Armed Forces, 4) Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, 5) Under secretaries of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, Research and Engineering, and Policy, 6) Service Chiefs

Who are the six Under Secretaries of Defense

1) Policy, 2) Comptroller, 3) Personnel and readiness, 4) Acquisition and Sustainment, 5) Research and engineering, 6) Intelligence

What three special agencies provide staff assistance other than the SecDef

1) Defense Threat Reduction 2) Security Service 3) Defense Logistics Agency

The ______ _____ assists members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) with strategic direction, unified operation of CCMDs and integration of all branches of military into one efficient force.

Joint Staff

Direction of the Joint staff rests with the ___________________

Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff

The Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff normally manages the Joint Staff through the ____________ of the Joint Staff

Director

The Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff holds the _______ (or _________) and outranks all other officers of the armed forces while serving

General; Admiral

Who is the principal military advisor to the President, National Security Council, and the SecDef?

Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff

Who presides over the Joint Chiefs of Staff

Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff

What member of the JCS performs duties as prescribed by the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff with the approval of SecDef

VIce Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff

The Vice Chairman, Joint Chief of Staff (VCJCS) cannot be in the same uniformed service as the _________

Chairman, Joint Chief of Staff

The Vice Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff serves a tour of ______ years and may be appointed two additional terms

two

When does the Vice Chairmen, Joint Chiefs of Staff serve as the acting Chairmen?

In the absence of the Chairmen, Joint Chiefs of Staff

Who is appointed to serve as an advisor to the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff , as well as SecDef

Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman (SEAC) It is the highest enlisted grade in the US Armed Forces

On what does the SEAC advise?

Matters involving Total Force integration, utilization, health of the force and joint development for enlisted personnel.

The President, SecDef and National Security Council are advised by the _____ ______ __ _____

Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS)

The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) provide strategic direction for the armed forces, review major materials and personnel requirements, establish ______ _______, assign logistic responsibilities to the military services, formulate joint training policies and coordinate military education

Joint Doctrine

Who are the 8 members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS)

1) Chairman, 2) Vice Chairman, 3) Chief of Staff US Army, 4) Chief of Naval Operations, 5) Chief of Staff, US Air Force, 6) Chief of Space Operations, 7) Commandant of the Marine Corps, and 8) Chief of the National Guard Bureau

Service chiefs delegate many of their Joint Chiefs of Staff duties to their Vice chiefs of staff because JCS duties take ___________ over all other duties

precedence

What three things do the Military have a constitutional duty to do

1) Ensure national survival, 2) defend lives and property and 3) promote vital interests home and abroad

What are the 3 military departments, and the 3 sub-departments.

The Air Force, Navy and Army. (The Navy includes the Marine Corps, and during wartime, the Coast Guard. The Air Force includes the Space Force)

The ___ ____ _________ __ ____ was an agreement between the SecDef and Joint Chiefs of Staff that established the general and specific functions of each branch of the US Armed Forces.

Key West Agreement of 1948

What are the 3 general functions of the US Armed Forces

1) Support/defend the US Constitution, foreign and domestic, 2) ensure security of the US, its possessions and areas vital to its interests, and 3) uphold and advance US national policies and interests

The mission of the __ ____ is to fight and win our nation’s wars by providing prompt, sustained land dominance across a full range of military operation and the spectrum of conflict supported by CCDRs

US Army

What is the main responsibility of the US Army

Prepare land forces necessary to effectively prosecute war, and expand peacetime components to meet the needs of war

The Army develops the weapons, tactics, techniques, organization and equipment of its combat and service elements. When do they coordinate with the Navy and Air Force

In all aspects of joint concern, especially pertaining to amphibious and airborne operations.

What three functions is the US Army responsible for organizing, training and equipping their forces for

1) Operation on land, 2) seizure or defeat of land areas, and 3) occupation of land areas

The mission of the __ ____ is primarily organized, trained and equipped for prompt and sustained combat at sea?

US Navy

What is the mission of the Navy

Maintain, train and equip combat-ready naval forces capable of winning wars, deterring aggression and maintaining freedom of the seas.

What are the main responsibilities of the Navy

Preparing their forces to effectively prosecute war, and expand peacetime components to meet the needs of war

The __ ____ is the largest and most capable in the world, with the highest combined battle fleet tonnage and world’s largest aircraft carrier fleet.

US Navy

The Navy developed weapons, tactics, techniques, organization and equipment of its combat and service elements. When does it coordinate with the US Army and Air Force

In aspects of joint concern, including those pertaining to amphibious operations

What 5 functions does the Navy prepare its forces for.

1) Operations at sea, 2) control of vital sea areas, protection of sea lanes and suppression of enemy sea commerce, 3) support of occupation forces, 4) seizure of minor enemy shore positions capable of reduction by such landing forces as may be comprised within the fleet and 5) naval recon, antisubmarine warfare and shipping protection

What are the 6 functions of the Marine Corps

1) Provide forces with supporting components for the service in the seizure or defense of advanced naval bases and for conducting limited land operations, 2) develop phases of amphibious operations which pertain to tactics, techniques, and equipment employed by the landing forces 3) provide security detachments on armed naval vessels, 4) security for protection of naval property at naval stations, 5) provide missions and detachments to support US policies in foreign countries, and 6) assist the Army and Air Force in the accomplishment of their missions

When is the Coast Guard considered a branch of the US Armed Forces

All times

When is the Coast Guard not considered a service of the Department of Homeland Security

When operating as a part of the Navy on declaration of war, or when directed by the President

What are the 7 functions of the Coast Guard

1) enforcing or assisting in enforcing all applicable federal laws on, under and over the high seas and waters under US jurisdiction; and 2) engaging in maritime air surveillance or interdiction to enforce or assist in enforcing US laws. 3) administer laws and promulgate and enforce regulations for the promotion of safety of life and property on and under the high seas and waters under US jurisdiction; 4) develop, establish, maintain and operate, with regard to national defense requirements, aids to maritime navigation, icebreaking facilities and rescue facilities, for the promotion of safety on, under and over the high seas and waters under US jurisdiction; 5) develop, establish, maintain and operate icebreaking facilities on, under and over waters other than the high seas and waters under US jurisdiction (pursuant to international agreements); 6) engage in oceanographic research of the high seas and in waters under US jurisdiction; and 7) maintain a state of readiness to function as a specialized service in the Navy in wartime, including the fulfillment of Maritime Defense Zone command responsibilities.

The __ ___ _____ is organized, trained and equipped for prompt and sustained air offensive and defensive operations

US Air Force

What is the main responsibility of the Air Force?

The preparation of the air forces needed to effectively prosecute war, and the expansion of peacetime components to meet the needs of war

The Air Force functions to provide the means for coordination of _______ among all services

Air defense

What are the 8 functions of the US Air Force

1) Air operations, including joint operations; 2) gaining and maintaining general air supremacy; 3) establishing local air superiority, where and as required; 4) the strategic air force of the US and strategic air reconnaissance; 5) airlift and support for airborne operations; 6) air support to land forces and naval forces, including occupation forces; 7) air transport for the armed forces, except as provided by the Navy; and 8) develops the weapons, tactics, techniques, organization and equipment of its combat and service elements coordinating with the Army and Navy on all aspects of joint concern, including those pertaining to amphibious and airborne operations.

What does the Air Force train their air, space and cyberspace forces to do

Prompt and sustained combat operations, military engagement, and security cooperation in defense of the Nation and to support other branches/joint forces

The ___ _____ and _____ _____ are the Nation’s principal air and space forces and are responsible for the preparation of their forced

Air Force; Space Force

The Air Force provides what 3 global things to the nation

Global vigilance, global reach, and global power.

What 3 forces are used by the Air and Space Forces to maintain global vigilance, reach and power?

1) in-place, 2) forward based and 3) expeditionary forces

The _____ _____ developer concepts, doctrine, tactics, techniques and procedures and organized, trains, equips and provides forces for the freedom of operations in the US in, to and from space, provide prompt and sustained space operations, protect the interests of the US in space, deter aggression in, from and to space, and conduct space operations.

Space Force

A _______ _________ consists of two or more forces or agencies of two or more allies operating together.

Combined Commands

Under what terms does a Combined Command usually operate

Terms of a treaty, alliance or bilateral agreement between or among the nations concerned

The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), Combined Forces Command Korea, and Allied Command operations are three examples of what

Combined Commands

Who establishes unified Combatant Commands (CCMD)

The President, assisted by the CJCS through the SecDef

All units assigned to a CCMD remain under control of who

The unified Combatant Commander.

Once a force is assigned or attached to a unified CCMD, who has the authority to transfer it

SecDef

The Unified Command Plan is a _________ executive branch document that is prepared by the CJCS and has significant impact on how combatant commands are organized, trained and resourced

classified

What three things does the Unified Command Plan assign to Combatant Commanders (CCMD)

1) Missions, 2) planning, training and operational responsibilities, and 3) geographic Areas of Responsibility (AOR)

The Unified Command Plan is reviewed and updated every ___ years

two

How many CCMDs are there currently

11

CCMDs are organized based on their ___ or ________

AOR; function

How do geographic unified CCMDs operate

Clear physical and geographic boundaries established by the Unified Command Plan

How do functional unified CCMDs operate

Globally across geographic boundaries and provide unique capabilities to other CCMDs and Services

What are the six geographic CCMDs

1) USAFRICOM, 2) USCENTCOM 3)USEUCOM 4)USNORTHCOM 5)USINDOPACOM 6)USSOUTHCOM

What are the five functional CCMDs

1)USSOCOM 2) USSTRATCOM 3) USCYBERCOM 4)USTRANSCOM 5) USSPACECOM

USAFRICOM is headquartered at ________ ______, Stuttgart GE

Kelley Barracks

USAFRICOM is responsible for military relations with what thee entities

1) African Nations, 2) African Union, 3) African regional security organizations

USCENTCOM is headquartered in ________ ___, Tampa FL

MacDill AFB

USCENTCOM is responsible for __ countries that fall in the “central” area of the globe to include the Middle East, Central Asia and parts of Northern Africa

20

USEUCOM is stationed at ______ _______ Stuttgart GE, and works closely wit hNATO countries and other partner nations

Patch Barracks

USEUCOM addresses the security and defense needs of what nations

Europe, Eurasia and parts of the Middle East

________ coordinates with NATO countries to find cooperative solutions in peace and wartime, plans training mission, provides humanitarian support and develops strategies promoting peace and stability in the nation

USEUCOM

Headquartered at ________ ___, CO, USNORTHCOM is mainly responsible for civil support and homeland security

Peterson SFB

Who is the Commander of US Element, NORAD and Commander of NORAD Command when a US officer fulfills the role

Commander of USNORTHCOM

USINDOPACOM is headquarters at ____ ____ _____ ,HI and oversees an AOR stretching from the western shores of the US to the western border of India, and from Antartica to the Aleutian Islands, encompassing 36 divers nations

Camp H.M. Smith

What 5 things does USINDOPACOM and its partners work to promote in the region

1) Enhance security, 2) deter aggression, 3) respond with force, 4) provide humanitarian support in response to to illicit trafficking and 5) conduct multinational military exercises designed to strengthen partnerships while developing collective capabilities.

USSOUTHCOM is headquartered in ______ Fl, and oversees an AOR encompassing 31 nations in Latin America, Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean

Miami

What 4 things does USSOUTHCOM work to increase US security with partner nations

1) Enhance the peacekeeping abilities of the region, 2) promote human rights, 3) deter illegal activities associated with illicit trafficking, 4) conduct multinational military exercises to strengthen partnerships while developing collective capabilities.

USSOCOM is headquartered in ________ ____ FL and is responsible for planning and conducting special operations

MacDill AFB

USSOCOM offers direct action for what 13 functions

1) Short-duration strikes; 2) small-scale offensives; 3) special reconnaissance; 4) unconventional warfare; 5) foreign internal defense; 6) civil affairs operations; 7) counterterrorism; 8) psychological operations; 9) information operations;10) counter-proliferation of WMDs; 11) security force assistance; 12) counterinsurgency operations; and 13) any specific activities directed by the President or SecDef.

USSTRATCOM is headquartered in _____ ____, NE and is responsible for conducting global operations with other combatant commands, services and US government agencies to deter and detect strategic attacks against the US

Offutt AFB

What is USSTRATCOM responsible for

Command of nuclear, global strike, joint electromagnetic spectrum operations analysis, and targeting/missle threat assessments

USCYBERCOM is headquartered in _____ _____ MD and is responsible for achieving and maintaining cyberspace superiority in alignment with National Security and Defense Strategy

Fort Meade

USTRANSCOM is headquartered in _____ _____ IL and conducts globally integrated mobility operations and leads broad Join Deployment and Distribution. This enables the capabilities to project and sustain the Joint Force in support of objectives

Scott AFB

USSPACECOM is headquartered in _______ ____ CO and is responsible operations in, to and from space to deter conflict

Peterson SFB

Who selects and assigns the Air Force Forces to Air Force Service Component Commands, commanded by the Commander, Air Force Forces (COMMAFFOR) (This is insanely hard to read)

The SECAF, with direction of the SecDef

The COMAFFOR is under the administrative authority of the SECAF, and under operational authority of the _____ _____ __________ they are assigned to

Joint Force Commander (JFC)

What are the 3 components of the USAF Total Force

1) RegAF, 2) ANG, 3) AFR