Lab Exam IV

map that shows elevation

topographic map

shows elevation

contour lines

contour lines represent equal ________

elevation

space between contour lines

contour interval

bold marked contour lines

index contours

contours widely spaced repersent

gentle slope

contours tightly spaced

steep slope

the V of a contour line points ______

uphill

change in elevation

relief

how to find relief

subtract lowest point from highest point

value for the steepness of a hill or vertical distance changes over a horizontal distance

gradient

find horizontal distance

measure the distance key in cm and divide it by the given measure then cross multiply with the measurement of the distance between the two spots with x being the horizontal distance.

gradient is _____ divided by ______

relief divided by horizontal distance

if a point of interest does not line up on a contour line you use _____ to show it’s elevation

greater than or less than symbols

cardinal directions

never eat soggy watermellons

do contour lines ever cross?

no

to show that a point of interest is in the middle of coordinates you use

30’ minutes

to show that a point of interest is not quite past half way between coordinates you use

15’ minutes

to show that a point of interest is past half way between coordinates you use

45’ minutes

if a point is between minutes half way you use

30”seconds

if a point is under half way of minutes you use

15” seconds

if a point is over half way between minutes you use

45” seconds

north and south are

latitude

east and west are

longitude

any distinct change in measures of climate lasting for a long period of time

climate change

average increase in temperatures near the earths surface and in the lowest laying atmosphere

global warming

changes in global environment, like climate change, ozone depletion, and land use changes

global change

natural occurrence that regulates the temperature of the planet

greenhouse effect

air is warmer in cites than rural areas

urban heat island effect

describe temperature and such in a small area like a school campus

microclimate

unusually hot summers that last too long

heat wave

what tool has enabled scientists to collect data on a global scale?

earth orbiting satellites

what does co2 do to the atmosphere

traps heat inside the atmosphere

list compelling evidence of global warming

global temp rising

warmer oceans

shrinking ice sheets

retreating glaciers

decrease in snow cover

rising sea level

declining arctic sea ice

more extreme events

ocean acidification

without greenhouse effect what temp would earth be?

-18 C

what greenhouse gas as increased in the largest percentage since the beginning of the industrial revolution?

methane

studied to determine past atmospheric concentrations

tree rings

layers of ice in glaciers

ocean sediments

coral reefs

layers of sedimentary rocks`

human activity has relsesed ______ times more co2 than volcanic eruption

100

the highest temperature anomalies are in the ______ hemisphere

northern

what region started experiencing drastic temperature increase?

arctic

percentage of global warming going into the oceans

80-90%

delta

sand dunes

crater impact

lava flow

channel

yarding

volcano

caldera

caldera

channel

yardang

caldera

channel

sand dunes

wind streaks

lava flow

wind streaks

crater impact, sand dunes

lava flow

drainage network