Earth and Space

kaya mo to

Sun

A hot glowing ball of hydrogen and helium

Sun

this is a 4.5 billion-years-old yellow dwarf star

Sun

This provides energy that sustains life on earth

-Solar winds

-Prominences

-Solar Flares

-Sunspot

what are the activities of the sun?

Solar winds

this causes the light that displays aurora borealis and aurora australis

Prominences

this are storms that look like huge arches that may last several days

Solar Flares

this is more intense than prominences which only last 15 minutes

Sunspots

this are cool black storm areas

Mercury

this is the smallest and closest planet to the sun

Venus

has a core of molten iron, the hottest planet in the solar system; this rotates the slowest among the planets

Earths

this is the only planet that harbors life

Mars

the red planet, covered with iron-rich dust

jupiter

the biggest planet, has the great red spot

saturn

this has prominent rings

uranus

an ice giant, it has orbits on its side unlike other planets

neptune

this is the windiest planet

milky way

this is the galaxy where our solar system is located at

comets

tails of dust and gases, forced from the head by solar radiation; the tails always points away form the sun

meteor

meteoroid that burns up in the atmosphere; called “shooting stars”

meteorite

this is a meteoroid that doesn’t completely burn up

Moon

Earth’s only natural satellite

Black holes

this are collapsed stars that resulted in huge gravitational forces where even light cannot escape

Quesars

massive, remote celestials object emitting large amount of light energy

Radio Pulsars

intermitted radio signal emitted by dying stars

Asteroid belt

found between mars and jupiter

Spring tides
Neap tides

What are the different kinds of tides?

Spring Tides

this is when the ocean has the strongest tides

Neap Tides

this is when the ocean has the weakest tides

Explain why spring tides has the strongest tides

this is when the sub, earth, and moon are on a straight line; the sun’s and moon’s gravities add up

Explain why neap tides has the weakest tides

when the sun, earth, and moon form a right angle; the sun and the moon’s gravities cancel out one another

polaris

North star; the tip of little dipper’s “handle”

Sirius

this is the brightest star in the night sky; dog star

Proxima Centauri

this is the closest star to earth but too small to be seen in the night sky

Alpha Centauri

this is the closest star to earth and is visible in the night sky

Ursa Major

This is the big bear that contains the big dipper

Ursa Minor

This is the little bear that contains the little dipper

Canis Major

Big dog; contains sirius

Canis Minor

little dog

Orion

the hunter

Pegasus

The winged horse

Crust

Mantle

Outer Core

Inner Core

What are the layers of the earth?

Troposhere

This is the lowest layer, where nearly all weather occurs and clouds appear

Stratospshere

this is where ozone layer is located

Mesosphere

where most meteors burn up

Thermosphere

where high-energy X-rays and uv radiation form sun are absorbed

lonosphere

series of regions in parts of the mesosphere and thermosphere

exosphere

the “final frontier” of earth’s gaseous envelope

Nitrogen- 78%

Oxygen- 21%

Argon- 0.9%

Carbon dioxide- 0.04%

Other gases- 0.06%

What are the gas compositions in the air?

Barometer- air pressure

Anemometer- wind speed

Hygrometer- humidity

Wind Vane- wind direction

Rain Gauge- the amount of rainfall

What are the different weather instruments and their uses?

Thundestorms

tropical depression

tropical storm

typhoons

hurricane

cyclone

tornadoes

What are the different kind of storm?

Thunderstorms

Clouds become electrically charged, producing lighting and thunder

tropical depression

up to 63 km/hr winds

tropical storm

63-117 km/hr winds

typhoons

pacific ocean origin (120-350 km/hr winds)

hurricane

atlantic ocean origin (120-350 km/hr winds)

Cyclone

Indian ocean origin (120-350 km/hr winds)

tornadoes

small but about 500 km/hr

Percolation

Evaporation

Condensation

Precipitation

Transpiration

What are the process of water cycle?

Percolation

the movement of water through soil itself

Evaporation

the process that change liquid water to gaseous

Condensation

water vapor turning back into liquid water

precipitation

all liquid and solid water particles that fall from clouds and reach ground

transpiration

water vapor being released from plants and soil

Oxygen Cycle

An essential biogeochemical cycle to maintain the concentration and level of oxygen in the atmosphere

Respiration, decomposition, rusting, combustion

Where is oxygen used in?

Respiration

process that releases energy in the presence of oxygen

Decomposing

when plants and animals die, they decay. This process uses up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide into the air

Rusting

also oxidation, this process causes metals to rust. It also uses up oxygen.

Combustion

the process by which fire is generated also requires oxygen, along with and fuel. This process also uses up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

Carbon Cycle

how carbon transfer between different carbon reservoirs located on earth. It’s vital for maintaining a stable climate and carbon balance on our planet. Without it, the earth would be frozen

photosynthesis, respiration, exchange, sedimentation, extraction, and combustion

What are the six main processes of carbon cycle?