Planes and Axes of Movement

Flashcards covering anatomical terminology, planes of motion, and axes of rotation based on the provided lecture notes.

Anterior

Toward or on the front of the body: in front of

Posterior

Towards or on the back of the body: behind

Superior

Toward the head or upper part of a structure: above

Inferior

Toward the lower part of a structure: below

Medial

Toward or at the midline of the body: inner side

Lateral

Away form the midline of the body: outer side

Proximal

Closer to the origin of a point of reference

Distal

Further from the origin or point of reference

Sagital plane

A plane that lies vertically and divides the body into right and left parts.

Frontal plane

A plane that lies vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

Transverse (horizontal) plane

A plane that lies horizontally and divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

Axis

A straight line around which an object rotates; movement at a joint takes place in a plane about an axis.

Sagital axis

An axis that passes horizontally from posterior to anterior and is formed by the intersection of the sagital and transverse planes.

Frontal axis

An axis that passes horizontally from left to right and is formed by the intersection of the frontal and transverse planes.

Vertical axis

An axis that passes vertically from inferior to superior and is formed by the intersection of the sagital and frontal planes.

Tri-planar motion

Simultaneous movement across the three planes of motion occurring as one motion with $3$ components.

Flexion/extension

Dominant motions occurring in the Sagital plane about the Frontal axis.

Abduction/adduction

Dominant motions occurring in the Frontal plane about the Sagital axis.

Internal rotation/external rotation

Dominant motions occurring in the Transverse plane about the Vertical axis.