Botany 130 - Lecture 34

Seeds

Fertilized ovules are known as what?

Fruit

Matured ovaries are known as what?

Accessory Fruits

Lots of fruits also have __ that unite with the ovary to become part of the fruit

No

Is the accessory tissue part of the carpel?

Receptacle

What is the base of the flower called?

• Target seedling to favorable sites

• Escape competition

• Escape pathogens and predators

Why is dispersal important? (3)

• Wings or feather hairs

• Tiny seeds

What are the two things needed for wind dispersal of seeds?

The seed, fruit or accessory structures

Wings or feathery hairs can be derived from what?

Water Dispersal

• Common in species that live near or in water

• Have adaptations that allow them to float

• Fruit traps air

Gravity
Wind
Water

The three abiotic seed dispersal methods?

Plants
Birds
Mammals
Ants (Insects)

The four biotic seed dispersal methods?

Tumbleweed

What is an example of a self seed disperser?

Dwarf Mistletoe

• Pressure builds up in fruit and seed shoots out

• Initial speed about 100 km/hr

• Shoots about 15m laterally

• Seeds are also very sticky and will stick to birds or branches for dispersal

• Parasitic plant

• Self pollinator

Biotic Dispersal

• Fleshy structures eaten

• The majority of fleshy fruits are eaten by vertebra (reptiles, mammals, birds)

Bananas
Cherries
Raspberries
Dogwoods
Grapes

What are five examples of fleshy fruits that are disbursed by animals?

Color
Smell
Taste
Texture???

What are the changes that occur in a fruit that attract disperses?

COLOR PAGE FOR DISPERSER ATTRACTION