Chapter 9

Cochlea

“Snail-Shell” organ. Has hollow canals with tiny hairs and fluid inside. Where the sound vibrations are interpreted into sound (frequency and pitch).

Cones

Three types (Blue, Green, Red) and give us our color and clarity of vision. Mainly used for what we see directly in front of us.

Cornea

The window into the eye. Transparent front part of the sclera where light first enters the eye.

Cutaneous Receptors

Found in the skin.

Hyperopia

Eyeball is not long enough. Image not hitting the retina correctly you can see far but not near.

Lens

The main focusing agent of the eye is squeezed and stretched by the ciliary muscles

Mechanoreceptors

Triggered by changes in pressure or movement (Skin, Muscle, Hearing).

Myopia

Eyeball is too long, image is not hitting the retina correctly. You can see what is near, but not far.

Olfactory Cells

Found in the superior aspect of the nasal cavity and are triggered by chemicals that enter our nose and are sent to the brain to be deciphered as various odors/smells

Ossicles

The smallest 3 bones in your body

Pain Receptors

Nociceptors, triggered by pain

Photoreceptors

Vision cells (Rods and Cones)

Proprioceptors

Type of mechanoreceptor and general sense found in your muscles and report their movements to your brain (cerebellum) and maintain muscle tone

Pupil

The hole in the eye that light enters and is made bigger (dilated) or smaller (constricted) by the muscle known as the iris.

Rods

Found on the periphery of the retina and sense motion and your gray tones (night vision)

Sclera

The outermost layer of the eye; the white part

Semicircular Canals

are three tiny, fluid-filled tubes located in the inner ear

Tastes

We have 5 primary tastes that are triggered by various chemicals landing on our tongue, sweet, sour, salty, bitter, & umami

Meissner Corpuscles

Found in thick skin or hairless regions. Very sensitive to light touch. Most sensitive areas of the body.

Merkel Disks

Deep in the epidermis and feel harder to touch

Root hair plexus

Found at the base of body hair

Pacinian Corpuscles

Sensitive to pressure and are onion-shaped

Ruffini endings

Found in the dermis and hypothermis, feel pressure.

Krause End Bulbs

Found in superficial layers of the dermis and feel pressure.