Non-Systems 1 & 2

18-28 inches away (arms length from screen)

monitor should be how far from you when working?

Call 911 and stay there until an emergency medical technician arrives

A pt expressed dissatisfaction in their marital life and shared how they have a plan to end their life. Best action for this PT?

JCAHO (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations)

accredits hospitals, SNF, home health agencies, PPO, HMO, mental health institutions

CARF (Commissions of Accreditation Rehabilitation Facilities)

accredits free standing rehabilitative programs/facilities

CMS (Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services)

determines what and how much will be reimbursed by Medicare for patient care

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

responsible for determining the safety of the work environment

gown, mask, goggles, gloves

order of donning PPE

gloves, goggles, gown, mask

order of doffing PPE

contact precautions

gloves and gown required for MRSA, VISA, VRE, Clostridium difficile, Lice, Scabies, Impetigo, Gram Negative bacteria, uncontrolled diarrhea, aminoglycoside resistant, Hep-A, Hep-B, dermatitis, Rota virus

droplet precautions

mask when working within 3 feet of patient. contact precautions only when skin lesions present. required for Mumps (Rubella), Streptococcus A, Neisseria Meningitis, Pneumonia, Influenza, Pertussis

airborne precautions

N-95 mask (fit-tested), gown and gloves if severe contamination. negative air flow room and keep door closed. required for Measles, Tuberculosis, Varicella, SARS, disseminated Herpes Zoster, Chickenpox, Smallpox, and COVID

slightly below eye level

monitor should positioned how for the eyes?

90 degrees

elbows should be bent how many degrees with the wrist in neutral and free while typing?

100-120 bpm

chest compression rate for CPR?

2 inches (5 cm)

what is the recommended depth of compressions for CPR?

full chest recoil (100%)

how much should the chest recoil between compressions for CPR?

2 breaths per 30 compressions

what is the breath to compression ratio for CPR?

rise fully

how high should the chest rise when providing breaths?

Hickman Catheter

central line tunneled under the skin, provides antibiotics, nutritional solutions, and blood samples

Swan Ganz Catheter

balloon floatation device inserted through the internal jugular vein or femoral vein into the pulmonary artery, monitors blood flow and the function of the heart

Colostomy Bag

exits the colon to the abdomen (stoma) when a part of the colon or large intestine has been removed, focus on early mobility and beware with gait belt placement (above)

Central Venous Pressure Catheter

measures blood pressure directly from right atrium and superior vena cava

Arterial Line

monitors arterial blood gases

Chest Drainage Tube

inserted through an incision in the chest and may be connected to a mechanical or gravity-based suction system; used to remove air, blood, and purulent matter from the patient's chest or pleural cavity

exhale, place gauze or a gloved hand over the area, and call nursing staff

if a chest tube is dislodged, what should you have the patient do and what should you do?

above head

with IV lines, where should the arm NOT be held for extended periods? also make sure you alert staff if the fluid is low due to air bubbles

firm pressure

when an arterial line is dislodged, what should you do before you alert nursing?

>45 degrees

with a femoral line, how much hip flexion should you avoid?

below

where should a catheter be hung relative to the patient's bladder?

seat height

heel to popliteal fold + 2 inches

seat depth

posterior buttock along lateral thigh to popliteal fold - 2 inches

seat width

widest aspect of buttocks or thighs + 1.5 to 2 inches

back height

chair seat to axilla - 4 inches (consider any seat cushions and add thickness to final value)

armrest height

seat of chair to olecranon + 1 inch (consider cushions)

S2

normal axle positioning that is in line with the shoulder or slightly posterior (anatomical landmark)

forward (anterior)

for bariatric patients, what direction do you move the rear wheel axle towards?

backward (posterior)

for bilateral transfemoral amputation patients, what direction do you move the rear wheel axle towards?

good side

what direction should patients transfer towards from chair to bed, good side or affected side?

extension, ER, adduction, hip flexion >90 degrees, FABER

what are the anterior hip precautions?

away

for anterior THA patients, what should the patient avoid when standing that involves rotating the body from the operated extremity?

walker

shortly after hip replacement, what would be the best AD for the patient to use?

step through gait pattern (with walker)

what gait pattern should be avoided s/p anterior THA because of precautions?

step to gait pattern with walker

what is the best gait pattern for a patient s/p anterior THA?

four point gait pattern

AD, opposite LE, AD, opposite LE

two point gait pattern

AD and opposite LE, AD and opposite LE

modified four point gait pattern

1 AD: AD, opposite LE, followed by other LE

modified two point gait pattern

1 AD: AD and opposite LE, followed by other LE

three point gait pattern

NWB, ADs (and NWBing LE swings), WBing LE

three one point gait pattern

PWBing, ADs and PWBing LE, WBing LE

2 inches lateral and 4-6 inches anterior

how many inches should the tip of AD on ground be to the toe of the shoe?

20-25 degrees elbow flexion

how many degrees of elbow ROM should the handpiece of crutches and canes be?

wrist crease, ulnar styloid process, or greater trochanter

where should the handpiece height be for crutches or canes?

supinated

when grabbing a gait belt on a patient, how should the forearm be positioned when grabbing it?

hydraulic lift

used for dependent transfers when the patient is obese, when there is only one therapist available to assist with the transfer or patient is totally dependent

longitudinal arch (scaphoid pad)

foot orthosis used for pes planus

UCBL (University of California Berkeley Lab)

- Controls hindfoot valgus

- Reduces subtalar motion. Three-point counterforces - control calcaneal eversion, forefoot abduction

posterior leaf spring

AFO that recoils during swing phase to produce dorsiflexion

Klenzak joint

dorsiflexion spring assist incorporated into stirrup

plantarflexion stop/resistance AFO (plastic hinged AFO with a posterior stop)

AFO used for PF tightness or spasticity