[history] final study guide semester 1

similarities between the Consitution and the Articles of Confederation

both were used as bases for power

created to help bring order and control

limited central government

differences between the Consitution and the Articles of Confederation

articles were more limited, gave more power to the states, federalist gov. cant tax, trade btwn. states is limited, only legislative

constitution has three branches of gov. gov. has the power to tax and regulate trade, more power in general

the Great Compromise

political proposal designing a new gov. found a fair way to balance state rep. by a two-house congress (equal rep. for the state, equal rep. for the state population.)

development of the Federalist Party

strong at the beginning, in 1812 they died out, created the Whig party which faded out, Republican party then rose up and is still existing today. Lincoln is the first Republican president.

development of the Democratic-Republican party

has been the same throughout history, 1812 the feds. died out which caused the era of good feelings, the Dem. part has northern, southern, and western parties. T. Jefferson the first president.

compromize of 1877

Federal troops would be taken out of the south, The democrats allow Hayes to become president, allowed the southerners to take back control.

Booker T. Washington

Said that people should focus more on their education rather than spending time fighting segregation because things werent going to change.

W.E.B. Dubois

Was against segregation and encouraged fighting against it because people have equal rights.

Thomas Jefferson

Louisiana purchase doubled the size of the U.S., brought new land, new resources, 1st democratic president, sometimes went against written beliefs

Andrew Jackson

disliked the national bank and Native Americans, caused the trail of tears, people thought he was very King-like (Whig party)

John Adams

federalist, had a vice president of the opposite party, difficult presidency, served 1 term, trying to hold on to power

George Washington

1st to run the country, wise, sets up a cabinet to help distribute power, enforced fed. laws, didnt take over like other well-known leaders in power, trustworthy

causes of the American Revolution

“No taxation w/o representation” british taxing, acts, Boston massacre and tea party, quartering act

major events of the American Revolution

Brits take NY, Washington wins Trenton, U.S. wins Saratoga (turning point), takes out a whole army, U.S. + France alliance (brought money, navy, supplies), Brits go South, supply gets cut, start living off of land (ruins southern alliance) Brits surrounded and surrendered in Yorktown

positives of council managers

chosen by the city council, trained

negatives of council managers

not elected by people

positives of mayor council

strong/weak mayor is elected

negatives of mayor council

clash of council and mayor (who runs what, power distribution)

legislative branch

creates laws, most powerful of the three, has judicial powers also

executive branch

governer enforces the law, legislator + party leader

judicial branch

decides disputes, interperet laws in a wide variety

council managers

chosen by the city to run the city

mayor council

can be strong/weak, strong = mayor in power, weak = council in power

role of campaign ads

can be positive/negative, shows what you support, can help gain votes, can show what the opposing canadites go against to “sabatoge”

order of events in a presidential campaign

1. primary candidates run against eachother

2. nomination and formal choosing

3. campaign

4. election