Forensic Identification and Impression Evidence

A set of flashcards covering forensic techniques for height estimation, dental identification, various types of prints, and tool/tire mark analysis.

How can a person's approximate height be determined from footwear?

By using their shoe size.

How do teeth help determine age?

Teeth fall out and emerge in a predictable pattern.

At what age are all adult teeth typically present?

By age $25$.

What is required for person identification using teeth?

You must have all or most teeth; individual teeth do not help identification.

What specific factors personalize shoe impressions?

Wear pattern, damages, defects, and tread materials.

Which dental records are often used to identify a victim?

Dental records including x-rays.

What are latent shoe prints?

Prints that are not visible without using a chemical or powder.

What are patent prints?

Visible prints transferred to surfaces, such as a bloody handprint.

What are plastic prints?

$3D$ prints left in soft materials.

How many teeth should an adult have?

$32$ teeth.

How do dog and human bite marks differ in shape?

Dog bite marks are more V-shaped, while human bite marks are more U-shaped.

Why should crime scene tools not be mixed with suspect tool marks?

It will compromise the evidence.

What three materials are used for casting tool marks?

Durocast, liquid silicone, or Mikrosil casting material.

What is the difference between track width and wheelbase?

Track width is the distance from left to right, while wheelbase is the distance from front to back.

What is the formula for calculating turning diameter?

$$\frac{B^2}{A} + A$$

What must be done with all tire impression evidence?

It must be photographed.