chp5

Reductio argument

Proving something is wrong by showing if it were true it would lead to something impossible.

Analogical arguments

Arguments based on comparisons between similar situations.

Precedent analogies

Compare a new situation to a previous similar one to justify something.

Causal analogies

A comparison between two things to explain in a simpler way.

Historical analogies

Comparison of a situation to a past similar situation for better understanding.

Capital punishment analogies

Change the framing of issues to highlight the innocent.

Post hoc fallacy

The assumption that the first event must have caused the second event.

Questionable cause fallacy

Assuming one thing is the cause of another without evidence.

Pickle fallacy II

A fun way to convey arguments or points.

Faulty analogies

Comparing two dissimilar things leading to a false conclusion.

Reasons

Explanations in terms of the intentions or reasons of the actors.

General causal claim

A claim stating that one thing causes another.

Particular causal claim

A claim that one specific event caused another specific event.