Ch. 2 Water

what is the pH of the body and the physiological pH

body-7

physioloogical- 7.4

what does it mean by water has a high dielectric constant ?

can conduct electricity

Amphiphilic vs Amphipathic

Amphiphilic- molecules interact favorably with polar and nonpolar environments

Amphipathic- molecules contain both polar and nonpolar groups

pH

the measure of the H ion concentration or -log of H ion concentration

POH

the measure of OH^- ion concentration or -log of OH^- ion concentration

what does a low or high pka and pH determine

low- acidic

high-basic

buffers

solutions that resist changes in pH as acids and bases are added

buffers consist of

a weak acid and its conjugate base

(ex: [HA] and [A^-] )

what makes a good buffer

the closer the pH is to the pka

if pH plus or minus 1 is good range , what is good range for 7.4 plus or minus ?

8.4 - 6.4

dynamic equilibrium

the forward and reverse reactions of a reversible reaction take place at the same rate

equilibrium

state in which there are no observable changes as time goes by

why would the equilibrium lie to the right or left

right- k>1 , favor products

left- k<1, favor reactants

what is not included in the expression for the equilibrium constant

concentration of solids and pure liquids