P2 Diabetes Drugs

Januvia generic name?

Sitagliptin

Sitagliptin brand name(s)?

Januvia

Sitagliptin drug class?

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor

Sitagliptin indication(s)?

type 2 diabetes

Sitagliptin MOA?

inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme which prolongs active incretin hormone levels to regulate glucose homesostasis

Sitagliptin adverse effects?

usually well tolerated, rare arthralgia, rare pancreatitis

Sitagliptin renal dose adjustment?

Y

Sitagliptin hepatic dose adjustment?

N

Janumet XR generic name?

Metformin/sitagliptin

Metformin/sitagliptin brand name(s)?

Janumet (XR)

Metformin/sitagliptin drug class?

Biguanide/DPP-4 inhibitor

Metformin/sitagliptin indication(s)?

type 2 diabetes

Metformin/sitagliptin MOA?

decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity/inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme which prolongs active incretin hormone levels to regulate glucose homesostasis

Metformin/sitagliptin adverse effects?

GI (N/V/D, flatulence, bloating), decreased vitamin B12 absorption, rare lactic acidosis; rare arthralgia or pancreatitis

Metformin/sitagliptin renal dose adjustment?

Y

Metformin/sitagliptin hepatic dose adjustment?

Y

Jardiance generic name?

Empagliflozin

Empagliflozin brand name(s)?

Jardiance

Empagliflozin drug class?

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor

Empagliflozin indication(s)?

type 2 diabetes; chronic kidney disease; heart failure

Empagliflozin MOA?

inhibits sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the proximal renal tubules which reduces reabsorption of filtered glucose and lowers the renal threshold for glucose, which increases urinary glucose excretion

Empagliflozin adverse effects?

Genital mycotic infections, UTIs, increased urination, rare hypotension

Empagliflozin renal dose adjustment?

Y

Empagliflozin hepatic dose adjustment?

N

Glucophage / Glumetza / Riomet / Fortamet generic name?

Metformin

Metformin brand name(s)?

Glucophage; Glumetza; Riomet; Fortamet

Metformin drug class?

Biguanide

Metformin indication(s)?

type 2 diabetes

Metformin MOA?

decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity

Metformin adverse effects?

GI (N/V/D, flatulence, bloating), decreased vitamin B12 absorption, rare lactic acidosis

Metformin renal dose adjustment?

Y

Metformin hepatic dose adjustment?

Y

Glucotrol / Glucotrol XL generic name?

Glipizide

Glipizide brand name(s)?

Glucotrol; Glucotrol XL

Glipizide drug class?

Sulfonylureas

Glipizide indication(s)?

type 2 diabetes

Glipizide MOA?

stimulates insulin release from the pancreas, reduces glucose output from the liver, and increases peripheral insulin sensitivy which decreases glucose levels

Glipizide adverse effects?

hypoglycemia

Glipizide renal dose adjustment?

Y

Glipizide hepatic dose adjustment?

Y

Amaryl generic name?

Glimepiride

Glimepiride brand name(s)?

Amaryl

Glimepiride drug class?

Sulfonylureas

Glimepiride indication(s)?

type 2 diabetes

Glimepiride MOA?

stimulates insulin release from the pancreas, reduces glucose output from the liver, and increases peripheral insulin sensitivy which decreases glucose levels

Glimepiride adverse effects?

hypoglycemia

Glimepiride renal dose adjustment?

Y

Glimepiride hepatic dose adjustment?

N

Actos generic name?

Pioglitazone

Pioglitazone brand name(s)?

Actos

Pioglitazone drug class?

Thiazolidinediones

Pioglitazone indication(s)?

type 2 diabetes

Pioglitazone MOA?

binds to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR) which regulates insulin responsive genes, ultimately decreasing insulin resistance by improving target cell response to insulin

Pioglitazone adverse effects?

Hypoglycemia, edema, increased bladder cancer risk (dose/time dependent)

Pioglitazone renal dose adjustment?

N

Pioglitazone hepatic dose adjustment?

Y

Basaglar / Lantus / Toujeo generic name?

Insulin glargine

Insulin glargine brand name(s)?

Basaglar; Lantus; Toujeo

Insulin glargine drug class?

Long acting insulin

Insulin glargine indication(s)?

type 1 diabetes; type 2 diabetes

Insulin glargine MOA?

promotes cellular uptake of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids, and their conversion to glycogen, triglycerides, and proteins; ultimately regulates glucose levels

Insulin glargine adverse effects?

hypoglycemia, injection site pain/reaction, weight gain

Insulin glargine renal dose adjustment?

N

Insulin glargine hepatic dose adjustment?

N

Novolog generic name?

Insulin aspart

Insulin aspart brand name(s)?

Novolog

Insulin aspart drug class?

Rapid acting insulin

Insulin aspart indication(s)?

type 1 diabetes; type 2 diabetes

Insulin aspart MOA?

promotes cellular uptake of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids, and their conversion to glycogen, triglycerides, and proteins; ultimately regulates glucose levels

Insulin aspart adverse effects?

hypoglycemia, injection site pain/reaction, weight gain

Insulin aspart renal dose adjustment?

N

Insulin aspart hepatic dose adjustment?

N

Humalog generic name?

Insulin lispro

Insulin lispro brand name(s)?

Humalog

Insulin lispro drug class?

Rapid acting insulin

Insulin lispro indication(s)?

type 1 diabetes; type 2 diabetes

Insulin lispro MOA?

promotes cellular uptake of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids, and their conversion to glycogen, triglycerides, and proteins; ultimately regulates glucose levels

Insulin lispro adverse effects?

hypoglycemia, injection site pain/reaction, weight gain

Insulin lispro renal dose adjustment?

N

Insulin lispro hepatic dose adjustment?

N

Tresiba generic name?

Insulin degludec

Insulin degludec brand name(s)?

Tresiba

Insulin degludec drug class?

Long acting insulin

Insulin degludec indication(s)?

type 1 diabetes; type 2 diabetes

Insulin degludec MOA?

promotes cellular uptake of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids, and their conversion to glycogen, triglycerides, and proteins; ultimately regulates glucose levels

Insulin degludec adverse effects?

hypoglycemia, injection site pain/reaction, weight gain

Insulin degludec renal dose adjustment?

N

Insulin degludec hepatic dose adjustment?

N

Ozempic / Rybelsus / Wegovy generic name?

Semaglutide

Semaglutide brand name(s)?

Ozempic; Rybelsus (oral); Wegovy

Semaglutide drug class?

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist

Semaglutide indication(s)?

type 2 diabetes; chronic kidney disease; weight management (Wegovy)

Semaglutide MOA?

agonizes glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor, which increases glucose-dependent insulin secretion, decreases inappropriate glucagon secretion, slows gastric emptying, and increases satiety

Semaglutide adverse effects?

GI, rare- pancreatitis, renal impairment, medullary thyroid carcinoma

Semaglutide renal dose adjustment?

N

Semaglutide hepatic dose adjustment?

N

Victoza / Saxenda generic name?

Liraglutide

Liraglutide brand name(s)?

Victoza; Saxenda

Liraglutide drug class?

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist

Liraglutide indication(s)?

type 2 diabetes; weight management (Saxenda)