Anatomy & Physiology for Radiography 2 UNIT 6 TEST (Lymphatic System)

Lymph tissue that forms a ring around the pharynx:

thymus

spleen

pancreas

tonsils

tonsils

A protein produced by the body to destroy a foreign invader:

antigen

antibody

B-cell

T-cell

antibody

Lymphatic capillaries and vessels can be described as having:

thick elastic walls

very thin walls

tough fibrous walls

porous walls

very thin walls

Immunity from exposure to pathogen or vaccine

passive

specific

active

non-specific

active

Choose the two correct descriptions of the cisterna chyli:

located at the distal end of the thoracic duct

located at the distal end of the lymphatic duct

formed by the union of the vessels from the upper body

formed by the union of the vessels from the lower body

located at the distal end of the thoracic duct

formed by the union of the vessels from the lower body

Where are lacteals located?

in the pancreatic duct

in the opening of the common bile duct

in the villi of the large intestine

in the villi of the small intestine

in the villi of the small intestine

The largest mass of lymph tissue in the body:

spleen

thymus

tonsils

nodes

spleen

What is the function of lacteals?

provide passive immunity

absorb fat-soluble end products of digestion

absorb water from the large intestine

convert stomach contents to chyme

absorb fat-soluble end products of digestion

Which of these is not a function of the lymphatic system?

develop immunities

drain & return tissue fluid to blood

produce red blood cells

transport fats from digestive tract to blood

produce red blood cells

Lymph from the RUQ empties into the:

thoracic duct

cisterna chyli

right lymphatic duct

superior vena cava

right lymphatic duct

The organ which functions primarily in infancy to produce T-cell lymphocytes:

thymus

tonsils

spleen

lymph nodes

thymus

All of these statements describe the thymus, except:

produces T cell lymphocytes

smaller when young, enlarges with age

larger when young, shrinks with age

provides immunity

smaller when young, enlarges with age

The lymph node's hilum is for passage of all of these, except:

efferent vessel

afferent vessel

nodal artery

nodal vein

afferent vessel

Antibodies are produced via:

specific immunity or non-specific immunity

specific immunity

Cells that phagocytize bacteria and foreign materials:

platelets

RBCs

lymphocytes

macrophages

macrophages

Clear fluid is located in the lymphatic capillaries and vessels:

plasma

interstitial fluid

lymph

lymph

Swelling that occurs due to inadequate drainage of tissue fluid:

phlebitis

tonsilitis

lymphedema

peripheral edema

lymphedema

Immunity through B- and T-cell lymphocytes:

passive

specific

active

non-specific

specific

What is the function of a vaccine?

produce T-cells

provide passive immunity

replace the first exposure to a pathogen

eliminate immunity

replace the first exposure to a pathogen

Clear fluid located in the blood circulatory system:

plasma

interstitial fluid

lymph

plasma

Immunity for fetus, received from mother:

passive

specific

active

non-specific

passive

The structure that joins with the left subclavian vein to return lymph to the blood:

thoracic duct

lymphatic capillaries

right lymphatic duct

cisterna chyli

thoracic duct

Lymphatic capillaries are:

larger than blood capillaries

more permeable than blood capillaries

both of these

neither of these

both of these

Lymph nodes have:

one efferent vessel

many afferent vessels

a hilum

lymph nodes have all of these

lymph nodes have all of these

The thoracic duct receives lymph from:

upper extremities, head and neck

Rt arm, Rt head and neck, RUQ

lower extremities and abdomen

Lt arm, Lt head and neck, LUQ, lower body

Lt arm, Lt head and neck, LUQ, lower body

A foreign substance that invades the body:

antibody

antigen

macrophage

lymphocyte

antigen

The Rt lymphatic duct receives lymph from:

upper extremities, head and neck

Rt arm, Rt head and neck, RUQ

lower extremities and abdomen

Rt arm, Rt head and neck, RUQ, lower body

Rt arm, Rt head and neck, RUQ

The specialized lymphatics of the digestive system are the:

capillaries

spleen

tonsils

lacteals

lacteals

Lymph, plasma, and interstitial fluid are all the same fluid, but have different names depending on their current location.

True

False

True

All of these processes keep lymph moving throughout the body, except:

one-way valves in lymph vessels

smooth muscle contraction in lymph vessels

skeletal muscle contractions

pumping of the heart

pumping of the heart

Lymph from the lower extremities, abdomen area and LUQ empties into the:

thoracic duct

right lymphatic duct

superior vena cava

inferior vena cava

thoracic duct

During a period of infection in the body, lymphatic ___ are most likely to swell.

capillaries

ducts

vessels

nodes

nodes

Tiny blind-ended tubes that drain excess interstitial fluid from tissue spaces:

Lymph capillaries

Larger and more permeable than blood capillaries:

Lymph capillaries

Vessels that carry lymph back toward the blood-circulatory system:

Lymphatic vessels

_____________ have valves for one-way flow, like veins:

Lymphatic vessels

What is the length of a lymph node/gland?

1 to 25mm in length (0.04" to 1")

Lymph nodes are found where?

found in clusters in groin, armpits, and neck

Lymph nodes/glands have a ____________ for efferent vessel, nodal artery and nodal vein

hilum

Lymph nodes/glands have a hilum for ____________ vessel, __________ artery and ___________ vein.

efferent vessel, nodal artery, and nodal vein

Name the forces that move lymph through the body:

- Skeletal muscle contractions

- One way valves in lymph vessels

- Respiratory / breathing contractions

- Smooth muscle contraction in lymph vessels

Name the structure: "Masses of lymph tissue embedded in mucous membrane."

Tonsils

Name the structure: "Largest mass of lymph tissue in body. Located in LUQ."

Spleen

Name the structure: "Located in upper mediastinum, shrinks with age."

Thymus

Name the structure based off of function: "Produces T-cell lymphocytes and provides immunity."

Thymus

What is an antigen?

Foreign proteins that stimulate an immune response.

What is an antibody?

A specific protein produced by the body to destroy a foreign invader.

What is immunity?

The ability of the body to resist infection from pathogens or damage from foreign or harmful substances.

Is this Non-Specific Immunity or Specific Immunity?: Provides general protection (skin, tears, mucus,mucous membranes, etc.)

Non-Specific Immunity

Is this Non-Specific Immunity or Specific Immunity?: WBCs phagocytize bacteria

Non-Specific Immunity

Is this Non-Specific Immunity or Specific Immunity?: Rapid response, immediate to several hours

Non-Specific Immunity

Is this Non-Specific Immunity or Specific Immunity?: No memory response, same response will be repeated at next exposure

Non-Specific Immunity

Is this Non-Specific Immunity or Specific Immunity?: Provides specific protection to a specific antigen

Specific Immunity

Is this Non-Specific Immunity or Specific Immunity?: B- and T-cell lymphocytes fight bacteria or virus

Specific Immunity

Is this Non-Specific Immunity or Specific Immunity?: Antibody production

Specific Immunity

Is this Non-Specific Immunity or Specific Immunity?: Slower response, several hours to several days

Specific Immunity

Is this Non-Specific Immunity or Specific Immunity?: Memory response, an enhanced response will occur atnext exposure

Specific Immunity

Is this Non-Specific Immunity or Specific Immunity?: Can be natural or artificial

Specific Immunity

What is a vaccine?

It replaces the first exposure to a pathogen, stimulates immunity to the pathogen.

Acquired naturally when exposed to a bacterium or virus, or acquired artificially through a vaccine:

Active immunity

Occurs naturally when a fetus receives its mother's antibodies through the placenta:

Passive immunity

Name the structure based off of function: "Filters blood via splenic artery and vein to remove many bacteria and other foreign substances."

Spleen

Name the structure based off of function: "Form a protective ring for the nose and oral cavity. More functional in children, size decreases with age."

Tonsils