Chap 24D - Amino acids

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Last updated 9:38 AM on 4/11/26
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6 Terms

1
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Describe amino acids + draw general structure

  • Contain both an acidic carboxyl group (–CO2H) and amino group (–NH2) = amphoteric

  • Basic building blocks of proteins and there are 20 naturally occurring a-amino acids 

  • Both functional groups are attached to the same a-carbon atom

<ul><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Contain both an acidic carboxyl group (–CO2H) and amino group (–NH2) = <strong>amphoteric</strong></span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Basic building blocks of proteins and there are 20 naturally occurring a-amino acids&nbsp;</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Both functional groups are attached to the same a-carbon atom</span></p></li></ul><p></p>
2
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Describe mp of amino acids

  • Crystalline solids

  1. High mp 

  • Giant ionic structures containing dipolar ions held by strong electrostatic force of attraction

3
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Describe solubility of amino acids

  • Soluble in water but insoluble in non-polar solvents 

  • Ion-dipole interactions between amino acids and H2O -> energy released to overcome ionic bonds between amino acids and HB between H2O

  • Insufficient energy released from ion-dipole interactions between dipolar ions and non-polar solvent to overcome the ionic bonds

4
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Describe amino acids in a neutral solution + draw the ion formed

  • Amino acids exist as dipolar ions with no overall charge.

  • The dipolar ion is formed via internal acid-base reaction between the ─NH2 and ─CO2H groups

<ul><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Amino acids exist as dipolar ions with no overall charge.</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">The dipolar ion is formed via internal acid-base reaction between the ─NH2 and ─CO2H groups</span></p></li></ul><p></p>
5
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Describe amino acids in a acidic solution + draw the ion formed

  • Amino group accepts a proton forming a cation

<ul><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Amino group accepts a proton forming a cation</span></p></li></ul><p></p>
6
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Describe amino acids in a alkaline solution + draw the ion formed

  • Carboxyl group donates a proton forming an anion

<ul><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Carboxyl group donates a proton forming an anion</span></p></li></ul><p></p>