Central Nervous System

Brain

Part of the central nervous system (CNS) controlling thought and movement.

Cerebral Hemispheres

The two halves of the brain divided by a deep groove, each responsible for distinct functions.

Cerebrum

The largest region of the brain responsible for voluntary activities and emotions.

Cerebellum

Located behind the brain, it coordinates movement and balance.

Cerebral Cortex

The outer layer of the cerebrum made of densely packed nerve cells, responsible for processing information.

Corpus Callosum

A bundle of fibers connecting the right and left hemispheres of the brain.

Pons

Located above the medulla oblongata, it relays sensory information and regulates functions like sleep.

Medulla Oblongata

Controls autonomic functions such as breathing and heartbeats.

Thalamus

A relay station for sensory information on its way to the cerebrum.

Hypothalamus

Regulates homeostasis and links the nervous system with the endocrine system.

Pituitary Gland

Secretes hormones and is controlled by the hypothalamus.

Brain Stem

Connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls vital functions.

Frontal Lobe

Located at the front of the brain, it is responsible for judgment, reasoning, and emotional control.

Parietal Lobe

Middle section of the brain responsible for processing sensations.

Occipital Lobe

Located at the back, it deals with visual processing.

Temporal Lobe

Responsible for hearing and memory, located above the ears.

CNS

Central Nervous System, includes the brain and spinal cord.

Spinal Cord

Runs from the base of the cranium through the vertebrae and connects to peripheral nerves.

Gray Matter

Contains nerve cell bodies and is involved in processing information in the spinal cord.

White Matter

Made up of axons that carry signals within the CNS.

Dorsal Roots

Sensory neuron roots that carry information towards the brain.

Ventral Roots

Motor neuron roots that carry information away from the brain.

Autonomic Functions

Involuntary functions controlled by the brainstem, such as breathing and heartbeat.