bio unit 9

abiotic factor

a non-living part of an ecosystem that has an effect on the ecosystem

10% rule

every next trophic level 90% of the energy is lost and 10% is passed on

biome

large area of specific plants and animals in a major habitat

symbiosis

a close long-term interaction between 2 diff species

keystone species

an organism that holds an ecosystem together

nitrogen fixation

converting atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into usable nitrogen like ammonia(NH3) and nitrates(NO-3)

ocean acidification

excessive absorption of CO2 in the ocean decreasing its pH

eutrophication

a body of water gets filled with excess nutrients which allows for algae and moss to grow

acid rain

precipitation with high concentrations of sulfuric and nitric acid

ground tissue

the main tissue that make up plants

dermal tissue

outermost protective layer of the plant

vascular tissue

tissue that makes up the the transport system in plants

meristem

region of unspecialized plant cells

nodule

structures in roots that contain nitrogen fixing bacteria

pressure flow hypothesis

states that fluids are driven by differences in turgor (hydrostatic) pressure caused by the osmotic movement of water.

angiosperm

a flowering plant with covered seeds

gymnosperm

“naked” seed plant that don’t produce fruit or flowers

pollination

transfer of pollen from the another(male) to the stigma(female) parts of the plant

plant hormones

natural signal molecules that control all aspects of plant growth, development, and stress response.

tropic responses

direction that plant grows in based on external stimulus
photo-response to sunlight
gravi-response to gravity
hydro-response to water
thigmo-response to physical touch

apical dominance

apical bud grows faster than than lateral growth

cross-pollination

transfer of pollen from one another on one plant, to the stigma of another plant